THE PREGLACIAL DRAINAGE OF OHIO. 53 



at from 95 to 105 feet. One well was drilled to rock on the 

 side of the channel, at the foot of College Hill and showed 120 

 feet to shale ; while six furlongs east, across the Apple Creek, 

 at the foot of Madison Hill, rock was found at 45 feet and the 

 channel runs between these two wells. 



From this throat at Wooster the axial channel proceeds 

 almost due east for a distance of 8 miles to a point 2^ miles 

 southwest of Orrvalle, near which the C. A. & C. R. R. enters 

 and follows it in a northeast direction to Orrville. It is bounded 

 by the same type of Coal Measure hills on the southeast, and 

 Waverly on the northwest as at Wooster, but the trough is' 

 filled with drumlins of varying heights. At Honeytown, three 

 miles east of Wooster, the Apple Creek enters it through a 

 preglacial channel from the coal hills on the southeast ; but it is 

 so deflected by glacial debris that it turns on itself and follows the 

 axial channel back to Wooster and thence to the Killbuck. 



Near Honeytown I can give you a better record of rock 

 floor; one-half mile east of that hamlet on the Mock farm — Sec 

 7, East Union Tp. — a well was drilled to the depth of 185 feet 

 and no rock found. The well head has an elevation of 345 feet 

 and shows the rock floor to be, at most, less than 160 feet above 

 Lake Erie. In the N. E. ^ Sec. 2, East Union Tp., two and 

 one-fourth miles southwest of Orrville, near the C. A. & C. R. R., 

 a well was drilled through sand, gravel, and yellow clay, above 

 50 feet of blue clay, soft as mud, and the well was abandoned as 

 hopeless in this "blue soap" at no feet, without striking rock, 

 while one-half mile away in the S. E. ^ of same Sec. hard sand 

 rock was struck at 3 feet, but drilling was continued in the 

 rock until at the depth of 50 feet a flowing well was struck which 

 yields ten gallons of pure water per minute. This well was on the 

 side of the channel. This would seem to throw a little light on 

 the origin of the many flowing wells about Apple Creek, Shreve, 

 Fredericksburgh, and along some of the preglacial waterways 

 of Ashland county. 



But I leave this in the satisfaction I feel in being able to 

 demonstrate a deep preglacial channel under these hills that 

 connects the axial channel with the broad valley of swamps 

 that lie north and east of Orrville where it is joined by the out- 



