300 CHR. KRUUSE 
the gales and strong insolation. They are most frequently met with 
on the top of the mountain-foot just below the highmountain, but 
may be found between the surface of the water and 700 m altitude, 
never higher up, as the supply of water up here is too slight. The 
water is the most important factor in their formation (figs. 21 and 
22). The common as well as the more rare vascular plants of the 
herby-slope are noted in the the lists p.242—244 The herby slope 
does not supplant the other formations, but on fit localities it makes 
transitions to thicket, heather-moor or grass-slope, sometimes even 
to rocky-flat formation; upwards it merges into the rocky-step vege- 
tation of the highmountain. 
Grass-Slope (p. 246). 
The grass-slope is defined as sand-declivities without flowing 
water, with thin constant snow-cover grown with gramineous plants. 
The sand is rich on felspar and similar silicates, but lacks humus 
and has no dead plant covering. The snow-cover is thin but con- 
stant. If parts become snowless a pure growth of bushlichens is 
found. If the humidity becomes greater, because the rock approaches 
the surface up to 50—60cm, the growth consists of Juniperus, at 
times together with Salix glauca. The plants of the grass-slope are 
mentioned on page 247, the first list shows the prevalent plants; 
the second list commonly occurring plants; third rarer and less 
prominent plants. On p. 248 are noted the commonly occurring 
lichens and mosses. Campanula rolundifolia v. arctica with espe- 
cially big corollas (C. groenlandica Berlin) occurs frequently on 
grassy-slope. 
Grass-Field (fig. 37, p. 248) 
Grass-field occurs on flat bottom at the foot of the slopes, is 
moist in the early summer, frequently inundated and has a high 
snow-cover. Dominant species are: Phleum alpinum, Calamagrostis 
neglecta, Festuca rubra, Poa pratensis and Scirpus caespitosus. The 
rarer species are mentioned on page 250. 
The Heather-Moor (p. 250). 
The heather-moor is an association of dwarf-bushes either cover- 
ing the ground completely or with intermediate spaces filled with 
herbaceous plants. Mould is wanting, and occurs only at the most 
humid places. The bottom is always sloping. The supply of water 
is but slight; the snow-cover in winter high and constant. The 
bushes do not sustain snowlessness for a longer period, which was 
proved by experiments in the winter 1901—02, nor do they assimilate 
