1921. No. II. THE STRANDFLAT AND ISOSTASV. 253 



Xanseii, 1904, I'l. XI . it is seen that, as a rule, the steep.^st gradients 

 occur in those regions where the edge of the continental shelf is nearest 

 to the outer coast of the land, c. g. in the region of Senjen and along the- 

 coast from Xordmor to Xord Fjord (cf. Fig. 166). In Sond Fjord it is 

 also steep (i.o per mille) although this region is farther away from the 

 edge of the continental shelf. But here the deep outer part of the sub- 

 meged Norwegian chaimel is very near the outer coast, while this channel 

 is shallower outside the region of îiardanger Fjord where the gradient is 

 less steep (0.7 — 0.8 per mille). 



The lowest gradients occur along the south-east coast of Xorwa>' 

 (0.68 per mille), in Helgeland (0.67 — 0.73 per mille), in the region from 

 Hammerfest to the \ aranger Peninsula (0.48 — 0.60 per mille), and on 

 the Kola Peninsula. These regions are farthest away from the outer edge 

 of the submerged continental shelf. 



It is also noteworthy that the gradient seems to increase somewhat 

 towards regions where there are deep submerged fjords on the continental 

 shelf outside the coast, c. g. outside Træna 'cf. Xansen, 1904, Pi. XI], 

 where the gradient was found to be 0.9 per mille, while it was 0.67 and 

 0.73 per mille^ in the region of Donna and ^^ega to the south, where the 

 shelf outside is broader and less dissected. 



As A. G. Hogboni has pointed out to me in a letter, the investigations 

 of several geologists obviously show that there mav be appreciable local 

 variations in the upheaval of the land. 



By careful levelling of a very distmct raised l)each i from the Tapes 

 period), formed of boulders, along the coast of Lake \>nern in Sweden, 

 R. Sandegren [1916] has found that along a distance of about 11 kilo- 

 metres, from the region of Kleven (height 65.2 metres above the sea) to 

 the region north of Otterbacken (70 metres above the sea), the gradient 

 of upheaval is 0.44 per mille, and along the next 19.5 kilometres to the 

 XXE, between the region north of Otterbacken to the region east of A'all 

 in A'isnum (height 92.1 metres above the sea), the gradient is 1.13 per 

 mille. Hence, in the latter region, the land has been elevated about 13.5 

 metres more than it would have been, if the gradient of upheaval had been 

 uniformly 0.44 per mille along the whole distance of 30.5 kilometres. 



By his measurements of the levels of the ancient beaches left bv the 

 ice-dammed lakes in Xorthern Österdal, Gunnar Holmsen [191 5. 1916. 

 1917] has found that the gabbro moimtains ma}- have had an influence 

 upon the postglacial upheaval of the land which has taken place in this 

 region. The isobases are deflected by, and go round, the intrusive masses 

 of gabbro, and it looks as if the latter have risen somewhat more than the 

 surrounding regions, and the gradient in these regions may thus locallv 

 be increased from 0.70 per mille to between 0.85 and 1.63 per mille. 



' J. H. L. Vogt [1907, p. 30], however, remarks that according to later investigations by 

 A. Hoel, these values are probable somewhat too low. 



