41 
to one hundred feet above the level of the sea, and may be considered 
full proof that the whole district has been lifted to at least that extent 
during a very late geological era. 
Mr. Lyell and Dr. Mantell consider, in the south-eastern parts of 
England, that the land must have been elevated or upheaved after 
the deposition of the London clay, because patches of that formation 
reach a great height on the chalk, which is well observed at the north 
of Highdown Hill, and the Castle Hill, Newhaven; and they affirm 
with confidence. that considerable movements of elevation have taken 
place at periods decidedly Post-Pliocene. 
Dr. Mantell’s Elephant-bed, between Brighton and Rottingdean, 
at Peppering near Arundel, and other places, formed of calcareous 
rubble, shows every appearance of having been spread out by succes- 
sive horizontal layers of water in motion. 
Mr. Lyell observes in his ‘ Elements of Geology,’ vol. ii. page 37, 
“First, the south-eastern part of England had acquired its actual 
configuration, when the ancient chalk-cliffs were formed, a beach of 
sand and shingle having been thrown up at their base: afterwards 
the whole coast, or at least part of it, where the Elephant-bed now 
extends, subsided to the depth of fifty or sixty feet; and during the 
period of submergence, successive layers of white calcareous rubble 
were accumulated, so as to cover the ancient beach: subsequently the 
coast was again raised, so that the ancient shore was elevated to a 
level somewhat higher than its original position.” 
I fully concur in these remarks of Mr. Lyell and Dr. Mantell. The 
remains of still more recent strata or beaches, in the neighbourhood 
of Worthing, extending along the coast to Selsey, confirm the opinion 
that many comparatively modern changes must have taken place in the 
south-western part of Sussex, between the sea-shore and the Downs. 
The loamy earth from which the bricks are made varies much in 
G 
