(Th. Groth 1880). 
А гаш at Umiausat in Tunugdliarfikfiord (Ericsfiord). 
Far in the background is Igdlerfigsalik (Bürfell). 
Chapter XI. 
Ancient Greenland Topography. 
DATE having given the facts of the country's history and the con- 
ditions of culture, we will end by giving a concise summary of its 
topography, as it appears in the saga, Ivar BAARDSON'S accounts and 
the inventories of the churches and fiords etc., which BJÖRN JONSSON 
(died 1655) and ARNGRIMUR Jonsson (died 1648) had copied from an 
ancient manuscript. 
The uninhabited regions on the east coast and on 
Greenland’s southern point. 
On plate VI, we have given a general view of the courses indicated 
in the ancient publications. By comparing them with what is re- 
corded of Eric the Red's voyage of discovery in Chapter I, one will 
see, that in any case, — when coming either from Norway or Ice- 
land — one passed the southern point of Greenland, as Ivar Baardsôn 
Says, SO as to: 
“come in under the high land in Greenland, which is called “Æuarff” 
[Hvarf]. The day before one can see the above mentioned Hvarf, one will 
see another high mountain, which is called *“Huidserch” [Hvidserk], and 
under [between ?] the two mountains mentioned, Hvarf and Hvidserk, 
lies a point, which is called ‘‘Herrioldiznes” [ Heriolfsness] and there lies 
a harbour, which is called Sand, which was the universal harbour 
for Norsemen and merchants”. 
