188 DANIEL BRUUN. 
which very well could have been “Budir” (booths). Löngunes, Thorgrim 
Trolle's dwelling, and Langaness where his sister lived (it was as already 
mentioned, most likely the same farm) must be sought close to the north 
of the headland. Here ruins of a farm are also found. 
We now come to Einarsfiord's most important and biggest farm, 
Gardar, which was the home of the first Landnam's man, and where 
later on in the twelfth century the bishop-see was established. It lav 
near the “Eid” or the tongue between Einarsfiord (lgalikofiord) and 
Eriesfiord (Tunugdliarfikfiord) and here the country’s universal assize, 
Gardar-thing was held from the beginning of the 11™ century; it is also 
mentioned in the foster brother saga. The cathedral stood on the farm’s 
homefields (Тип) besides the in- and out-houses, it was consecrated to 
St. Nicolaus, and was certainly in use for 300 years. As a document 
exists from 1409, drawn up at Gardar (ref. to p. 89 and 119). 
There is only little left of the cathedral, its last shape being a cross 
church. 
In 1894, when the author was there, the ground plan of the dimen- 
sions of the church and Norse farm were still fairly distinct, but since 
then nearly everything has disappeared, spoiled by the Greenlanders 
living there, breeding cattle on the old place where in the Norseage 
there had been a great number of live stock (over 100 cows). 
Gardar cathedral was a very important church. The outside length 
was 26,40 meters (84 feet), the breadth of the nave was 11,30 m (36 feet). 
The original crosses breadth was 7,50 meters (24 feet). The walls of the 
cross were thinner than the origmal walls. They perhaps formed a 
sort of prominence which is known from the old Iceland grassturf churches, 
(a Utbrota kirkja). Gardar cathedral was, as Schirmer remarked to us, 
only about 2 m. (6 feet) shorter than Olav’s church in Nidaros. It seems 
that the cross-form first, at a later period, was added to a church that 
was originally smaller. This presumably happened when the bishop-see 
was established (1132). The cathedral is the only Greenland church 
which in its original state seems to have had the choir narrower than 
the nave. Its plan — says M. Clemmensen — resembles the first stone 
churches which were erected immediately after the introduction of 
christianity, by King Olaf Tryggvason. The plan was Irish-Anglo-Saxon. 
Several blocks of red sandstone, the Norse “marble” (refer to page 30) 
have been used in the church as well as in other houses in the bishop- 
see, amongst others in a big building with two entrances which probably 
had been the depository for wares, perhaps the tithes. One sees directly 
that there has been a very big farm at Gardar; which was to be expected. 
The cathedral naturally had bells, and the ringing of bells is also 
mentioned (refer to page 124). A legend is extant amongst the Eski- 
moes telling of a big bell that could be heard from afar. A piece 
of bell metal has formerly been found on the spot. It seems the bell 
must have weighed 500 kilo, according to the piece of metal. The author 
