— 
The Icelandic Colonization of Greenland. 21 
served ruins of dwellings and stables ete., is, that the material of which 
they were built, has been more liable to moulder than, for instance, 
the houses in Igaliko and Tunugdliarfikfiords in the Julianehaab’s 
district, where excellent and durable building material is to be found, 
in the shape of the red sandstone (the “Norse marble”) already men- 
tioned. 
We will now make excursions from Godthaab to the principal fiords 
in the western settlement; on leaving the colony we enter the Godt- 
haab’sfiord \ying immediately to the north of the settlement, it cuts 
into the country to the N. E. to branch off subsequently in a south 
easterly direction. We first pass the island “Sadlen” (saddle) with a high 
mountain resembling a saddle, then Biôrnô (bear island). No Norse farms 
are to be found before we reach the most northern bays, where, in all, 
ten sites of farms lie in different places. The most important is the one 
found at the inner end of the bay near Ujaragssuit, where, amongst 
others the ruins of a fine square house (7,5 5m) are seen, still stand- 
ing with high walls. Godthaab’s fiord continues from here in a 5. Е. 
direction, like Kangersuner, a fiord arm, at the inner end of which a 
glacier disembogues. In spite of the precipitous mountain flanks about 
five Norse farms lay near this fiord, to which the access must have 
been extremely difficult as the fiord was nearly always filled with call- 
ice from the glaciers. 
We now return abreast of Biörnös northern end, from where another 
ford arm, Pisigsarfik, issues. On Biörnö’s northern end lies the Greenland 
colony Когпок, and when one has passed the northern end of Storö (“big 
island”) which lies parallel with Biörnö, one sees an island on which 
the colony Umanak lies. We now proceed further in Pisigsarfik. Be- 
tween this and the above mentioned Kangersunek lies a deeply branch- 
ed penisula, with many bays and in these a great many sites of Norse 
farms. 
Pisigsarfikfiord derives its name from a high mountain with a pointed 
summit lying on its north side, to which an Eskimoe legend is connected 
about a bow and arrow shooting match between an Eskimoe and a Nor- 
seman, which ended in the latter hurling himself down the mountain. 
Hans Egede mentions this legend, but Rink reports it more fully. Below 
the precipitous mountain, Pisigsarfik, four farms stood along the fiord’s 
northern side on the extremely narrow coast. Further in land, the moun- 
tains diminish round the inner broadening-out, which is separated from 
Kangersunek only by a low, narrow ridge. In Pisigsarfik’s most southern 
bay, near Kapisilik scall salmon (= Kapisilik) is caught, and here a river 
issues, coming from the south,, passing through many lakes, and 
along which there were several farms. On the whole several such 
farms were found in different places, on the fertile but not specially 
high land between Pisigsarfik, Itivdlek and Ameragdlafiord lying more 
to the south. These regions were not only adapted to the breeding of 
