188 LLOYD’S NATURAL HISTORY. 
indistinct spots. The spots fe roundest and smallest on the 
middle line of the back, oblong on the sides, and forming in- 
terrupted lines on the shoulders and thighs, these lines being 
most distinct on the outside of the fore-legs, while there are 
four well-marked broad cross-streaks on the front edge of the 
thighs. ‘Tail cylindrical, reaching to the ground, spotted at 
the upper part of the base, and with eight or nine interrupted 
rings on the upper part of the remaining portion, with a black 
tip. Nose brown, with short hair. Forehead and cheeks like 
the back, but with smaller spots, and without any distinct dark 
streaks from the back edge of the eye. The ears ovate, acute, 
pale brown externally, with a terminal pencil of blackish hairs, 
and whitish on the edge within. Chin, hinder parts of the 
upper lip, under parts of the head, throat, chest, belly, inside 
of legs, and hind-feet whitish-brown ; the chin being whitest, 
and the inside of the hind-legs and feet darkest. There is a 
large blackish spot on the upper part of the inside of the fore- 
legs, as well as two small cross-bars on the front edge of the 
inside of the thighs, the hinder part of the hind-feet being 
blackish. In the one described skull, the anterior pre-molar, 
although small, is present. Jength of head and body, 23% 
inches ; of tail, 12% inches; height at shoulder, 12 inches. 
Distribution.— Transcaspia, eastwards to Afghan and Russian 
Turkestan. 
XL. THE CARACAL, FELIS -CARACAL: 
Felis caracal, Gildenstadt, Nov. Comm. Ac. Petrop. vol. xx. 
p. 500 (1766) ; Elliot, Monograph of Felidee, pl. xli. (1878- 
83); Blanford, Mamm. Brit. India, p. 88 (1888). 
Lynx caracal, Fischer, Zoognosie, p. 200 (1814). 
Caracal melanotis, Gray, List Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 46 (1843). 
Caracal berberorum, Matschie, 5.B. Nat. Fr. Ges. Berlin, 1292, 
p- 144. 
(Plate XX IIT.) 
