74 
respective congregations ; but we have not 
the necessary history to illustrate the re- 
sults: and they in reality are entitled to no 
more particular interest now-a-days than 
any other of the ruined towns around them 
—where Christianity was once equally in 
honour. 
To take a glance at these Churches.— 
What is the state of Epuresus? “ I was 
at Ephesus in January 1824,” says Mr. 
Arundell, speaking of a previous visit— 
“the desolation was complete; a Turk, 
whose shed we occupied, his Arab servant, 
and a single Greek, composed the entire 
population — some Turcomans excepted, 
whose black tents were pitched among the 
ruins.””—E/phesus experienced the same 
fortunes with Smyrna, and was seized upon 
by a Turkish pirate towards the end of the 
eleventh century, who was in his turn de- 
feated by John Ducas, the commander of the 
Emperor Alexis. In 1306, it suffered from 
the Grand Duke Roger’s exactions, and, two 
years afterwards, surrendered to the Sul- 
tan Saysan, who removed most of the in- 
habitants to Tyrizum, where they were 
massacred ; and its history from that time 
has merged in that of its neighbour Aiasaluk, 
Laopicra.—This once very extensive 
place still shews the ruins of three theatres 
and a circus, in the hollows of which are 
‘Turcoman huts and tents—but no Chris- 
tians. This town was in 1097 in possession 
of the Turks, and recovered by Ducas; but 
fell again into their hands; and though, 
in 1255, it was again given up to the 
Greeks on the appearance of the Tartars, 
they could not defend it, and it reverted 
finally to the Turks. The destruction of 
Laodicea is partly attributable, probably, 
to a volcanic eruption—a fact, which the 
author apparently considers as verifying the 
language of the Apocalypse—“ because thou 
art lukewarm, and neither hot nor cold, I 
will spue thee out of my mouth.” 
PHILADELPHIA.—This is still a popu- 
lous place, consisting of 3,000 houses oc- 
cupied by Turks, and 300 by Greeks. Ac- 
cording to the bishop’s account, there are 
twenty-five churches, but only five have 
service, once a week. Mr. Arundell at- 
tended him to the church service, and 
“could not help,” he says, “ shedding 
tears, at contrasting the unmeaning mum- 
mery with the pure worship of primitive 
times, which probably had been offered on 
the very site of the present church.” <A 
single pillar, evidently belonging to a much 
earlier structure, reminded him of the pro- 
phecy, and the reward of victory promised 
to the faithful member of the church of 
Philadelphia,—“ He that overcometh will 
I make a pillar in the temple of my God, 
and he shall no more go out,”’ &c. Phila- 
delphia submitted to Bajazet in 1391; and 
among the Greek colonies and ~churches 
of Asia, in the Janguage of Gibbon, “it is 
still erect—a column in a scene of ruins.” 
Monthly Revien of Literature, 
[Jury, 
Sarpis.—A few mud huts, inhabited 
by Turkish herdsmen, and a miller or two, 
contain the whole of the present population. 
The only members of the Greek church of 
Sardis are two Greek servants belonging to 
the Turkish miller—and “ how little ope- 
rative,”’ adds the author, “ the spirit of 
primitive Christianity is on one, at least, of 
these men, will be subsequently shewn’’— 
in the refusal of an act of common cour- 
tesy, readily performed by a Turk. 
TuyaTira.— This is a large place, 
“ and abounds,” says Mr. Arundell, “ with 
shops of every description. The popula- 
tion is estimated at 300 Greek houses (the 
papas told us 500), 30 Armenian, and 
1,000 Turkish, nine mosques, one Arme- 
nian and one Greek church.” He visited 
the latter—it was a wretchedly poor place, 
and so much under the level of the church- 
yard, as to require five steps to descend 
into it. The priest told him, that the 
bishop of Ephesus was the diocesan of 
Thyatira. ‘‘ We intended,” adds Mr. A., 
“ to give him a testament, but he seemed 
so insensible of its worth, that we reserved 
it, as it was our only remaining one, and 
bestowed it afterwards much better.” 
PEeRGAMus is also a populous place, 
underrated at 15,000; fifteen hundred of 
them Greeks, who have one church—a 
miserable shed, covered with earth. On 
one side of it a priest kept a little school 
of thirty scholars. “I gave him a testa- 
ment,’’ says Mr. A. “ The contrast between 
the magnificent remains of the church of 
St. John, which lay beneath, and this its 
poor representative, is as striking as be- 
tween the poverty of the present state of 
religion among the modern Greeks, and 
the rich abundance of gospel light which 
once shone within the walls of the Agios 
Theologus.” 
The Croppy, by the O’Hara Family. 
3 vols. 12mo. ; 1828. —Every body who 
is acquainted with the productions of the 
O’Hara family, knows the writer can make 
a readable book, and knows, moreover, 
what he has to expect—an illustration of 
some period of Irish history, by one who 
thoroughly understands the subject. In 
this respect the reader will meet with no 
disappointment. The story belongs to the 
days of the rebellion of 1798, and embraces 
the chief events of the short struggle in 
Wexford ; but as to the title, The Orange- 
man would have been as appropriate as the 
Croppy : for, though one of the leading per- 
sonages joins the Croppies, another, and the 
principal one, is of the yeomanry ; and the 
interest of the tale depends not at all on the 
political motives of any of the agents. 
Miss Hartley is the heiress of Sir Thomas 
Hartley, and the object of admiration and 
pursuit to Mr. Henry Talbot and Sir Wm. 
Judkin, both of them gentlemen of the 
neighbourhood. Mr. Henry Talbot had 
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