«B54 Emigration-Report. _ [Oer. 
utransient casts: and then, if we search for: pemmuameihty remedies, »werare 
‘searchibg)ima wrong direction ; or those causes! may. be \of :an-artificial 
Usind; ‘ands then: they. are perhaps remoyable, by -retracing thes steps 
which shave led to their effects. The search into,causes:was clearly; a 
part of their bounden—their appropriate duty... Not»at all, the:Com- 
mittee would reply; or, being of the schools of\ the philosophers,‘ they 
would of course, in half a dozen words, assure us, the natural’ progress 
of the laws of population was fully and. solely adequate. Against 
which assurance, we, being no philosophers) at all, but: mere observers 
of facts, should, in our undisciplined style, exclaim—no such thing ; or 
if we did for a moment indulge in their own vein of confident assertion, 
-we should say,—multiply the population as it will im any country, so 
long as there is still land to cultivate, subsistence in that country may be 
obtained for every one. 
No, the fact is, the redundancy in question, the reality of which we 
“cannot at all doubt, is not the result of natural but (of sartificial causes. 
What have the land-lords and loom-lords, and capitalists of: every 
-description been doing for the last half-century? Ransacking heaven 
and earth—employing every conceivable expedient. for lessening the 
nbgencyyn of manual labour. That. object, by the. brilliant) inventions of 
the‘ genius of mechanism,’ they have obtained. to their heart’s content. 
» They have succeeded to a degree perhaps beyond their most sanguine 
» hopes; ‘in accomplishing by machinery, what was before done by labour. 
| They have’ superseded the labourer ;; they have contrived: to do without 
» him, and» by the just laws of avenging nature—the- eternal, nemesis— 
«they have him left upon their own hands, in numbers too inp fo 
be repulsed, and too formidable to be contemned. 
Multiplied the people have doubtless, but' to nothing like the eniousit* 
that is alleged; and numbers’ again \have been forced down into’ the 
-ranks of Jabour to add to the tale ; but. these additions are insignificant 
compared with the extents of new soil brought. into cultivation; and the 
~ multiplications of manufactories. But they might ald have: been .em- 
» ployed, and more, could more have been. obtained, , if «machinery, ::at 
othe very lowest estimate, had not decupled the: powers’ of produc- 
- tion, and thus thrown out of employ ten pair of hands,, where the 
natural multiplication of the species would not have given birth to one 
‘superfluous pair, had matters gone on temperately and usefully in their 
“ancient course. 
‘Oh yes, the truth, the. indisputable, the intolerable truth is, that in 
in the depth. of their eunning, and the intensity of their avarice, both 
‘landlords and manufacturers have overshot. the mark. The conse- 
‘quences of their overweening: graspings are recoiling upon themselves. 
‘They threw off the man as a labourer, and; he returnsupom them asa 
‘\pauper. The law of nature speaks aloud—thus far shall:you go, and no 
farther. You have long ago reached ‘that impassable point;,and had 
= not been blinded by the!ardour/of your selfish pursuits; you might 
ng ago have detected the tendency, and, checked, ‘before: it: wasiitoo 
mais the career of “your ruinous courses in bate career sesaies re ae 
* Let it be remembered, the census of 1801 7 was oe ere that of 
‘1811 was very far from complete. “It is the census of 1821 which preten- 
sion to accuracy. Any conclusions, therefore, with respect to the: i intense of population, 
‘founded on these data, are not worth a straws hy veg ol motiw 10 SMO OF 
