1826.] 
ss-consists in. pulverizing. the. fruit 
after it:has, been‘dried:in the sun,» orin an 
oven.’. To preserve the powder thus pro- 
duced, it is sufficient te prevent its being 
exposed to! theair. 
» Solar Spots.—The Jate amiable and 
high] y-gifted astronomer Sir William: Hers- 
chel, withthe diffidence which is: invaria- 
bly» the ‘characteristic of superior merit, 
hinted at the probability that there existed 
some connexion: between the solar spots 
and the temperature of our atmosphere. 
Some obsérvations of M. Arago have con- 
firmed this supposition ; and from a journal 
of the solar spots which has been kept for 
these! Jast six: months at Chislehurst, it 
appears that no macule were visible in the 
month of April before the 30th. During May 
the spots were numerous (amounting in 
one instance to 11), but very small. In 
June they were fewer in number, but of 
considerable size. In July they diminished 
both in magnitude and number, but in 
August they increased in both to an incre- 
dible extent, on two occasions 30 being 
visible at once. On the first of September 
20 were to be seen at the same time, but 
from that period the face of the sun re- 
mained free from ‘any until the 23d, when 
three were observed, which have not as yet 
disappeared. How closely the temperature 
of the respective months has corresponded 
to these phcenomena is too much a matter 
of general experience, to need our inserting 
the register of the thermometer. 
Compression of ‘Gases—The jaw which 
awas first deduced from the experiments of 
the famous Boyle, by his friend “Richard 
Townley, but whick Mariotte discovered 
at the same time by an experiment of his 
own, and which is known by his name, 
viz. that the spaces occupied by elastic 
fluids are in the inverse ratio of the degrees 
of pressure which they suffer, has hitherto 
been demonstrated by strict experiment for 
very small degrees of pressure only. Pro- 
fessor Oersted, of Copenhagen, has re- 
cently determined that this law is applica- 
ble to all kinds of gases, and to all degrees 
of pressure under which the gases retain 
their aeriform state; and moreover that the 
eompression. of liquid bodies reducible .to 
» is, as far as his experience yet goes, 
subject to the same Jaw—the compression 
and the ‘compressing power seeming to 
bear a direct relative proportion. And we 
may therefore assume, that the gases con- 
verted into liquids reducible to drops begin 
again to follow the same law to which they 
answered as) gases; and if this should be 
confirmed by further experiments, it may 
be said that the compression of a body 
eeases to conform to these rules only in its 
Moment of transition from one state of 
aggregation to another.—-Philosophical Ma- 
| Meteors,~~On the 31st of March a bril- 
_ lint meteor was seen at Newhaven, in the 
United States, and this was followed the 
M.M. New Series. —Vou.11. No.10. 
Varieties. 
44) 
next evening by anotherwhich passed more 
to the south. The) former appeared at 
some point far east of ‘south. «In Azimuth 
§.12.E. its altitude was 43°, andit vanished 
between S. 50° W. and S. 68° W. at an 
altitude of 23°... At:the end of ‘its: course 
it exploded, and threw off parts “which 
were seen to fall.. There can be’ but Jittle 
doubt that these were meteoric stones, 
which have fallen somewhere in the southern 
parts of New York, in New Jersey, or 
possibly in Long Island Sound. Thesound 
of the explosion reached. the ear 4: minutes 
25 seeonds after the vanishing of the 
meteor. From the interval between the 
explosion and the report, and from the sud- 
denness of the passage, which occupied , 
about 5 seconds, it is obvious that 60 miles 
from the observer would lie but little be- 
yond its distance at the moment of explo- 
sion, that 24 miles a seeond. would not 
exeeed its velocity. Its nearest distance 
to the earth’ssurface may have been within 
30 miles, or even less. 
Polish Coin=-The Emperor Nicholas 
has decided that the coin in Poland shall 
always bear the effigies of the Emperor 
Alexander, to whom this kingdom is in- 
debted for its restoration: a grand and im- 
portant work, which he intended to. com- 
plete whenever the general circumstances 
of Europe became more favourable. The 
execution of this noble design remains en- 
trusted to his successor, who has’ testified 
an almost’ religious anxiety to comply with 
his most secret wishes. The’ gold-and_sil- 
ver coin will present on one side the ‘like- 
ness of the late emperor and king, witha 
laurel crown upon his head, and with this 
inscription in the Polish anguage—* Alex- 
ander I. Emperor of Russia, restorer of 
the kingdom of Poland (1815);” on the 
other-side, in the midst of a crown of oak, 
is inscribed the value of the piece’; beneath 
the crown these words: ‘** Nicholas I. 
Emperor ofall the Russias, reigning king 
of Poland.” The copper money will not 
be changed. i, Drs 
Adhesion of Glue.—From some experi- 
ments on the adhesion of glue, instituted 
by Mr. Bevan, and an aecount of which 
he has inserted in the Jast number of the 
Philosophical Magazine, it appears ‘that a 
foree of 1,260 pounds applied at eight angles 
to the surfaces in contact, was’ required to 
separate two cylinders of dry ash-wood of 
1.5 inches diameter, and about 8° inches 
long, after they had been glued together 
24 hours. The pressure was applied gra- 
dually, and was sustained 2 or 3 minutes 
before the separation took place. The 
force of 715 pounds would therefore be re- 
quired to separate one square inch.” The 
force required to separate dry Seotch fir 
wood was 562 pounds to the square inch, 
so that if two pieces of this wood had been 
well glued together, the wood would have 
yielded’ in’ its substance before the glue. 
The cohesion of solid glue was F000 
3L 
