4 ANNUAL REGISTER, 1790. 
in proportion of 600 to. 625, or of. 
24 Or 25, will be found to be 11,651 
London inches and decimals, or 971 
fuch parts as the London foot con- 
tains 1000, which does not fenfibly 
differ from what has been determin- 
ed by other methods.” i 
To this chapter is annexed a plan 
and account of the temple of Jupiter 
Olympius at Athens. 
The fecond chapter centains an 
account of the three contiguous tem- 
ples of Erechtheus, Minerva Polias, 
and Pandrofus. The Erechtheus and 
the temple of Minerva Polias were 
under the fame roof. 
In the Erechtheum, as we are told 
by Paufanias, was the {pring of fea- 
water produced by the ftroke of 
Neptune’s trident, when he ¢on- 
tended with Minerva for the patron- 
age of the city. 
Mr. Stuart makes it appear likely 
that this temple was originally con- 
fecrated to Neptune, becaufe there 
was in it an altar erected to that 
god, on -which they alfo facrificed 
by command of the oracle to Erech- 
theus. In the temple of Minerva 
was depofited the ancient ftatue of 
the goddefs, which was fuppofed to 
have defcended from heen. 
' The Pandrofium, dedicated to the 
nymph Pandrofus, one of the daugh- 
ters of Cecrops, is the only ancient 
example we know of, in which the 
entablature and roof is fupported by 
caryatides.: Vitruvius, he fays, pro- 
bably alludes to this building when 
he tells us, that after the defeat of 
the Perfians, and the deftruction of 
the’ city Carya, the archiie&ts of 
thofe times placed female figures of 
this kind in public buildings, to per. 
petuate the ignominy of thofe who 
deferted the caufe of liberty and 
their coyntry. . hee 
Within the Pandrofium was the 
‘ 
olive-tree, faid.to have been pro=. 
duced by Minerva in her competi- 
tion with Neptune above-mentioned. 
It was called Pankyphos (incurvat- 
ed) from its branches being bent 
downward after it had grown up te 
the roof. Under this tree flood the 
altar of Jupiter Firceus. Some have 
imagined that an olive-tree grew in 
the temple of Minerva Polias; but 
it is quite improbable, Mr. Stuart 
fays, that any tree fhould grow in a 
place fo unfavourable to vegetation: 
for it appears to have been a clofe' 
room, iliuminated only by a lamp; 
whereas in that of Pandrofus, a free 
admiffion was given to light and air; 
the fpaces between the caryatides. 
being left entirely open. The olive 
and the {pring of fea-water, prove 
this to be the fabulous fcene of con- 
tention between the two divini- 
ties. 
Mr. Stuart conjectures that the 
Cecropium. was the fame with the 
temple of Minerva Polias, called 
fo on account of Cecrops having 
been buried there; and that, owin 
to the fame circumftance, the tem-. 
ple of Neptune has peflibly been 
named the Erechtheum.  Thefe 
three temples form, but one bady; 
though they were net intended by 
the architect to compote one regular 
whole. This chapter is adorned 
with zo plates. 
The third chapter is on the theatre 
of Bacchus, which is in a very ruin- - 
ous condition. The front of the 
{cene forming part of the outworks 
of the citadel, the meafurements of 
our travellers excited the jealoufy: 
of the Turkifh garrifon, and the 
were obliged to deiiit. from»their 
operations, ‘This was a fevere dif- 
appointment, as they hoped that by 
digging the earth which covers the. 
proicenium, the logeum, &¢, they 
migh 
/ 
