08 
French armies, unless he has made 
one or more campaigns for the esta- 
blishment of the republic. 
288 Lhe commanders in chief, 
land and sea, are only nominated 
in case of war; they receive com- 
missions revokeable at pleasure from 
the executive power. The dura- 
tion of these commissions is limited 
to one campaign, but they may be 
renewed. 
289. The general command of 
the armies of the republic cannot 
be confined to a single man. 
299. Lhe army by land and sea 
is subject to particular laws, with 
respect to its discipline, the form 
of sentences, and the nature of 
punishments, 
z91. No part of the national 
guard sedentary, or of the national 
guard in activity, can act for the 
service of the interior of the re. 
public, except on the requisition, 
in writing, ofthe civilaurhority, ac- 
cording to forms prescribed by law. 
292. The public force cannot be 
called out by the civil authorities, 
except in the extent of their juris. 
diction. It cannot be removed from 
one canton to another, without 
being authorized by the adminis- 
tration of department, or from one 
department to another, without the 
orders of the executive directory, 
293. The legislative body neyer- 
theless, determines the means of se- 
- euring by the public force the exe- 
cution of sentences, and the prose- 
cution of accused persons, through. 
out all the French territory. 
294. In case of imminent dan- 
ger, the municipal administration 
of one canton may call out the 
national guard of the neighbouring 
cantons ; in that case the adminis. 
tration which has so called out, 
and the chiefs of the national 
guard called out, are equally_bound 
ANNUAL REGISTER, 1795. 
to render an accoun*, at the same 
moment, to the departmental ad. 
ministration. 
295. No foreign troops can be 
introduced upon the French terri- 
tory, without the previous consent 
ot the legislative body. 
Title X.—Public Instruion. 
296. There are in the republic 
primary schools, where the pupils 
learn to read, to write, the ele- 
ments of arithmetic, and those of 
morality. The republic. provides 
only for the expence of the lodging 
of the instru€tors appointed for 
these schools. 
297. There are, indifferent parts 
of the republic, schools superior to 
the primary schools, and to such a 
number, that there shall be at least 
one for every two departments. 
298. There is for the whole 
republic, a national institution 
charged to collect discoveries, and 
to improve the arts and_ sciences. 
299. Vhe different establishments 
of public instru€tion have not, 
with respect to each other, any 
connexion of subordination, or 
administrative correspondence. 
300. Citizens have a right to 
form particular establishments of 
education and instruction, as well 
as free societies, to promote the 
progress of the sciences, of letters, 
and of arts. 
301. There shall be established - 
national festivals, to keep alive fra- 
ternity among the citizens, and to 
attach them to the constitution, to 
their country, and to the laws. 
Title X1.—Fixeances—Coxtribu~ 
tions. 
302. The public contributions 
are discussed and fixed every year 
by the legislative bedy. To. it 
alone belongs to establish them ; 
they cannot subsist beyond that | 
period, 
