*182q] ANNUAL REGISTER, 1795. 
of a manufactory. Let him not 
think himself at liberty to barter 
the lives of men for gold and silver. 
Let him not seek profit by acting 
the part of an executioner. Let 
him station his workmen in large, 
dry, and well ventilated rooms. Let 
him constantly prefer giving them 
their work to perform at home, 
whenever it can be done with tole- 
rable convenience, to collecting 
them together in the same apart- 
ment. Let him encourage them, 
when opportunity offers, to reside 
in villages and hamlets, rather than 
in a crowded town. Let him in- 
culcate in them * in how great a de- 
gree cleanliness contributes to health, 
and impress them with the necessity 
of invariably observing those many 
little regulations,t which though 
singly too minute to be noticed in 
this place, have collectively much 
effect in preventing disease. Where 
his own efforts seem likely to fail, let 
him Jay the matter before the ablest 
physicians, and steadily put in prac~ 
tice the instructions which he re- 
ceives ; and finally, let him exert 
hisutmost abilities to discover in- 
noxious processes which may be 
substituted for such as prove detri- 
mental to the persons who conduct 
them ; and direct by private solicita- 
tion, and on proper occasions by 
public premiums, the attention of 
experienced artists and manufac- 
turers to the same object. The suc- 
cess of his endeavours may in many 
cases be found highly advantageous 
to him, not merely by preserving the 
lives of his most skilful workmen, 
but by saving Some valuable mate- 
rial ¢ formerty lost in the operation, 
But, whether that be the case or 
not, he will at least reap a satisfac 
tion from them which he could not 
otherwise have enjoyed, that of re- 
flecting on his profits with a quiet 
conscience. 
Ia the chapter on the duties of 
private gentlemen, there is the fol« 
lowing passage : 
“ The weight which a wealthy 
land-owner, resident in the country, 
possesses in the place where his pro- 
* “The proprietor of a great manufactory, established near a large inland 
town, told a person of credit, from whom I heard the fact, that on approaching 
his workmen he could discern by the smell proceeding from their clothes, whe- 
ther they lived in the town or on a neighbouring common. This circumstance 
also might point out the comparative bealthfulness of the two situations. 
+ “'The latter of the two gentlemen mentioned in the preceding note informed 
me, that having observed some young persons in his own manufactory to be affec- 
ted, by being e:oployed on a preparation of lead, he had completely remedied 
the evil, by appointing an old workman constantly to attend them with water 
and towels on their leaving their work at meal-times, and oblige them thoroughly 
to wash their hands and faces before they ate; and also prohibiting them from 
playing, or using any strong exercise, until they had pulled off their coats and 
aprons, which were sprinkled with lead. It appeared from experience, that if they 
used any considerable exercise, without taking the latter precaution, the dust pro- 
sears frota their clothes was inhaled by them, and produced very prejudical 
effects. 
1 “ Bishop Watson, after speaking ina passage which hasbeen recently quoted 
of the young man rendered paralytic, by fixing an amalgam of gold aud silver on 
copper, says, ‘ A chimney, I believe, has of late been opened at the farther side 
of the oven, into which the mercurial vapour is driven; and thus both the mercury 
is saved, and the health of the operator is attended to.’ Chemical Essays, 
vo]. 4. p. 255. In the samevolume, p. 275—277, the almost universal adoption 
of the cupola instead of the hearth furnace for smelting lead isshewn to have 
been attended with great advantages to the proprietors, as well as with the most 
salutary consequences to the workmen,” 
; perty 
