270 
the most diabolical imaginations could in- 
vent. Carrier was the delegated tyrant of 
La Vendée, and he raised to his name monu- 
ments of horrible celebrity, before which the 
barbarians of all times and nations but his 
own seem comparatively innocent. He pub- 
licly excited the people to pillage and mur- 
der the rich; he publicly reproached the 
judges for permitting scruples of any kind to 
prevent the condemnation of criminals; he 
mingled with his cruelty and extortion a 
brutal jocularity, not less afflictive to the 
mind than pain was to the body of the suf- 
ferer ; he dismissed petitioners who pleaded 
for their friends or relatives, with reproaches, 
threats, and even blows; the consequence 
of these barbarities was universal dread, ge- 
neral desolation, and in individuals the men- 
tal agony often occasioned delirium and 
death. An instance is even recorded where 
the executioner was so aflected with the in- 
nocence and graces of six young ladies pe- 
rishing on the same day under ‘his hands, 
that he was seized with a profound melan- 
eholy, which terminated his existence in a 
week. Yet the directors of these barbarities 
were not merely unmoved, but satisfied with 
themselves. Carrier boasted of his cruelties ; 
his dispatches to the convention were filled 
with accounts of destroying five hundred in 
a day, of burying four thousand and fifty in 
a single pit, and the convention applauded 
these ferocious narratives, enjoying as excel- 
dent wit the description of the guillotine un- 
der the name of the national razor, and the 
little window, and the noyade, by the title 
of the bath, and of drinking in the great 
bow]. 
- © But even these excesses were not equal 
to those by which the commanders of troops 
of the revolutionary army spread terror and 
devastation farand wide. ‘I'heir savage atro- 
cities combined the extremes of rapacity, 
_ cruelty, and lust: by them whole generations 
were swept away in brutal sport; the hoary 
grandsire, with the youthful props of his 
years, and his second hope the offspring of 
Ae children, lay in one general heap; wo- 
men even in pregnancy, and children at the 
breast, were devoted to similar destruction. 
Priests, women, and children, were marked 
gut for peculiar barbarities: priests were the 
first victims of the noyade, being put on 
board boats and ships under pretence of trans- 
ortation; but when they were drowned, 
arrier amused the legislature with a joke in 
his own style, that they were transported 
vertically ; the unfortunate men, ignorant 
that they were destined to this unexpected 
death, cried out to their executioners for 
help, but their streggles and exclamations 
only occasioned mirth in these monsters, 
and if any were perceived making such ex- 
ertions as promised to save their lives, they 
were dispatched with swords, poles, or 
pikes.” : née 
HISTORY, POLITICS, AND STATISTICS. 
The second volume opens with an acs 
coutit of the effect produced on the in- 
ternal state of France, by the decapita- 
tion of Robespierre: the jacobin club 
was soon dissolved, but individuals yet 
retained great influence, and one system 
of terror was only abolished to make 
room for a new one. In the year 1795; 
the arms of the republic triumphed in 
every quarter: Tuscany, Spain, Prussia, 
the Landgrave of Hesse, and the Elector 
of Hanover, are driven into peace, and 
Holland into a fatal alliance. The 
second insurrection of La Vendée is 
quelled by the artifices and the arms of 
Hoche; the disgraceful expedition to 
Quiberon fails, and Charette and Stoflet 
are executed; the national convention 
proceeds to frame a new constitution ; 
the infamous decree, however, for elect- 
ing two thirds of the new councils from 
the convention, is strongly opposed by 
the people; preparations are made for 
resistance; insurrection ensues; the can- 
non of the convention sweep the streets 
and quell the insurgents: the elections 
are of course racial ae and the con 
vention is dissolved. 
«« The general abstract of the acts of the 
convention, and the effects of its existence, 
is thus detailed by Prud’homme.* Its sit+ 
tings continued thirty-seven monthsand four 
days, during which time 11,210 laws were 
enacted, and 360 conspiracies and 140 insur- 
rections denounced: 18,613 persons were 
putto death by the guillotine. The civil 
war at Lyons cost 31,200 men; that at Mar- 
seilles 729. At Toulon 14,325 were de- 
stroyed ; and in the re-actions in the south, 
after the fall of Robespierre, 750 individuals 
perished. The war in La Vendée is com- 
puted to have caused the destruction of 
900,000 men, and more than 20,000 dwel- 
lings. Impressed with images of terror, 4790 
persons committed suicide; and 8400 wo- 
men died in consequence of premature deli- 
veries: 20,000 are computed to have died of 
famine, and 1550 were driven to insanity. 
In the colonies 124,000 white men, women, 
and children, and 60,000 people of colour 
were massacred ; 2 towns, and 3200 habita- 
tions were burnt. The loss of men in the 
war is estimated, though probably below the 
real truth, at 860,000; while 123,789, who 
had emigrated in the course of the revolu- 
tion, were now for ever excluded from the 
country.” 
The narrative of the internal state of 
the republic is now suspended, whilst 
the historian relates the brilliant and 
depopulating campaigns in Germany 
* Histoire des Erreurs, &c. yol. vi. p- 512; and Tableau Général. : 
