76% 
north and south, and wherever one is em- 
ployed absolutely, the other must be 
used relatively as its opponent; but till 
by long habit we come to sink the ety- 
mology of these terms altogether, such 
a stretch of nomenclature must appear as 
strange as if, ina reformed geography of 
this island, ‘weed ad Thames were as- 
simed as synonimous with north and 
south, and the traveller was directed to 
turn his horse’s head Tzweedzwards, to find 
his way from Stirling to Inverness. 
Dr. Barclay has not thrown his sys- 
tem before the public in the state of an 
unfinished sketch, but has filled up many 
of the minuter parts with care,and obvi- 
ated some objections which would natu- 
rally occur. One that he suggests is the 
following:—The terms denoting aspect 
are uniformly derived by the author from 
the names of certain organs, whose rela- 
tive position is sufficiently invariable for 
his purpose; so that all the common ap- 
pellations of situation, upper, outer, &c. 
are totally discarded ; but the derivatives 
phureous. 
MEDICINE, SURGERY, ANATOMY, &c. 
7 
from these selected terms would also na-. 
turally imply something belonging to, . 
or proceeding from the part itself; thus . 
a fibular artery (which is one of the new 
terms) would imply both an artery situ-- 
ated on the fibular or external side of the 
lower extremity, and an artery belonging 
to the bone called the fibula. The au- 
thor has no other way of avoiding this 
difficulty, than by changing the termi- 
nation, giving to the former meaning fis _ 
bu/ar, and to the latter fibu/en. This dis- 
tinction stands on a par with the sulphate 
and sulphite of the chemists; that is to™ 
say, sufficient where due stress is laid on 
the terminating syllable, but far inferior 
to the antient terms of vitriolic and sul- 
The author has given some good ont-:: 
line plates in explanation of his system a‘ 
system which has convinced us, of the 
practicability, as we long have been of | 
the utility, of effecting a thorough reform. 
in all the erroneous or defective parts of 
anatomical nomenclature. Fekde atid 
Art. XXXIV. Cases of the successful Practice of Vesice Lotura, for the ‘Cure of shoes: 
eased Bladders, Parts land 11. By Jesse Foot, £sg. 8v0. pp. 139% 
THE idea of injecting liquids into 
the bladder has been occasionally adopt- 
ed in different diseases of thisorgan. As 
the readiest and directest means of ap- 
plying any supposed solvent liquid to 
caleulus when contained within this ca- 
vity, it has been employed experimen- 
tally by several eminent men; but the 
success has not corresponded with expec- 
tation. One great reason of failure has 
been the difficulty of ascertaining previ- 
ously the nature of the calculus (except 
Colonel. Martin’s celebrated filmg or 
scooping plan were adopted),and analy- 
sis has shewn such a vast variety in the 
composition of calculi that no single sol- 
vent could be applied with a certainty of 
success. But the chief reason for laying 
it aside appears to have been the pain, 
trouble, and difficulty of persevering in 
it for a sufficient time to give it a fair 
trial, considering that a bladder, even 
in its healthy state, and still more irri- 
tated by a painful disease, is not quite 
the properest vessel for chemical experi- 
ments. “ Sip MOLE yal! Pho ap 
But there is another kind of disease in 
this organ in which the injection-of li- 
quids may often prove of essential ser- 
vice; it is where the bladder’ has been 
exposed to great and-habitual.irritation, . 
unconnected with calculus, and attended 
with the most distressing symptom, of 
incontinence of urine, owing to an ac-~ 
tual thickening of the coats-and dimi-> 
nution of its cavity. Dissection fally: 
shews that this is a frequent state of 
disease. “4 
It is in both the above cases, but prin- 
cipally the latter, that, the author Xie 
commends the injection, and in this he | 
revives a practice mentioned. by Le 
Dran, who has given: awery good case 
in point which is quoted in the present 
publication.’ Mr. F. attempts to estab-* 
lish the following diagnostic rule, | ~ 
“Tn the fifth edition of my “ Critical En=" 
yee into Diseases of the Urethra and Blad- 
er” | have particularly noticed this obser- 
vation ; and | have there pointed out, for the 
first time, I believe; that it has ever’ been ob- 
served, a leading principle,’ by which a dis- 
eased bladder is always to be detected, and 
distinguished’ from any ‘other’ cause with 
which it might be otherwise confounded. ~ 
It is this : that at no time the bladder caf’ 
hold more than a ‘certain portion of urine, - 
and-of course that at no time, more than that 
portion, if'so much, can be ever discharged 
at-ence. For example thas : Suppose that a 
patient, for a series of time, ‘has not been * 
able to evacuate more than two ‘spoonfuls of © 
urine, upon ‘any effort: and suppose that 
sucky has beén the habit without any excep-~ 
tion, for two or three months ; suppose th&t 
