" 
’ 
ed signs of nausea; and at length threw up 
the food which he had just taken : after this 
crisis he seemed to be better, but soon threw 
up a kind of viscous slimy matter; and the 
vomiting continued with intervals to his 
death, which took place in about ten hours. 
| «© "Pne design of my.experiment did not 
- permit me to administer to him any medicinal 
aid. J employed an able surgeon to open 
him, who having attentively examined the 
state of his stomach and other viscera, assur- 
ed me that he perecived ao signs of erosion or 
laceration, aad nothing more than the cha- 
racteristic effect of a violent emetic, an elfec 
confirmed by the symptoms which preceded 
the déath of the animal. 
<* It appears that vegetable poisons operate 
almost always in the same manner. I have 
given a dog some fresh hemlock, which pro- 
duced effects similar to those of the poisonous 
mushroom. Wepter, in his history of the 
water hemlock, proves by numerous exam- 
ples, that the most noxious plants oceasion 
the same kind of disorders. ‘Vhis physician 
gave wolfsbane to some animals which had 
for some time been kept without food: in 
almost half an hour they threw it up, with 
a thick, viscous, frothy substanee, and were 
afflicted with violent reaching till they died. 
When their bodies were opened, nothing 
was discoyered but rhe vestiges of a power- 
' ful emetic.” 
We have selected the latter article on 
account of the important information 
which it contains; the former not so 
much for its excellence, forthere are many 
much better, as for its differing from all 
former naturalists, in describing the ca- 
mel with two cutting teeth in its upper 
jaw. Aristotle and Pliny both observe, 
that the camel is the only animal. with- 
out horns, which has no teeth so situated; 
and in this representation, as far as we 
“know, all succeeding authors have hi- 
‘therto concurred. 
We also regret that Desmarest,though 
he was. aware of the impropriety, has 
continued the appellation of dromedary, 
asa general name of the species, with 
one dorsal bunch, of which it is in fact 
only a variety. The two species are 
e 
of the Medical Glossary. Part 2. Vol. 
IN our review of the former volumes 
of this translation we expressed a wish 
that Dr. Turton, instead of Gmelin’s edi- 
_.tion of the Systema, had taken for the 
ground-work of his version the last edi- 
TURTON’S GENERAL SYSTEM OF NATURE. 
871 
clearly described by Aristotle and Pliny, 
and called, one the Arabian, and the 
other the Bactriancamel. Asadspess, says 
the former, da: Baxlpracs Twy ApuPiny ar pev 
xp Sum eyeory ves, 210° Eva. Camelos, says 
the latter, infer armenta pascit oriens, quarum 
duo genera Bactriani & Arabici, differunt 
quod illi bina habent tubera in dorso, hi singula. 
—J'he word dromas occurs as a name. 
of the camel in Livy, and is expressly at- 
tributed to the Arabian camel by Stra- 
bo. Itis lengthened into dromedarius 
in the vulgate translation of the Old 
Testament, and in Jerom’s Life of Mal- 
chius; who says, that the camel is so 
called on account of its swiftness. The 
latter term has been adopted by the mo- 
derns, but with some confusion in the 
application of it to the species. Aldro- 
vandus, Gesner, Linneus, and Buiion, 
have all given it to the camel with one 
dorsal bunch. Tepontinus, quoted by 
Gesner, Johnston, and Bell, the British 
traveller into Russia and China, reverse 
the names, and call the camel with two 
dorsal bunches the dromedary. Mr. 
Bell relates that he found many drome- 
daries on the banks of the Volga among 
the Tartars, who, he says, have few 
Arabian camels. It is not improbable 
that the name dromedary may be applied 
to a high-bred, swift-footed variety of 
both species. But however that may 
be, it is better to discontinue it entirely, 
as a. specific appellation, and to follow 
Aristotle and Pliny in calling the species 
with one dorsal bunch the Arabian 
camel, as Dr. Shaw has judiciously done 
in his General Zoology. 
The best account of the species and 
varieties of cainel which we have seen, is 
in Russel’s History of Aleppo. If our 
author had been acquainted with this 
work, and had particularly attended to 
the note quoted in ovr last volume, 
p: 945, he would, we doubt not, have 
given a different description of the ap- 
paratus for preserving fresh water in the 
stomach of this interesting quadruped. 
Art. VIII. A General System of Nature, through the Three Grand Kingdoms of Ani- 
mals, Vegetables, and Minerals, translated from Gmelin’s last Edition of the celebrated 
Systema Nature, by Sir Charles Linné, amended and enlarged by the Lmprovements and 
| Discoveries of later Naturalists and Societies. 
By Wiruiam Tusvon, M.D. Author 
J. 8vo. 
tion published by Linnaus, and had taken 
from Gmelin only such alterations and 
additionsasarereal improvements. When 
we first laid our hands on this fifth vo- 
lume, which relates to the vegetable 
3K4 
