318 EEPORT OF COMMISSIONER OF FISH AND FISHERIES. 



hitherto been regarded as distinct. I have had no males from any 

 European locaUty, but through the kindness of the Eev. A. M. Norman 

 I have had an opportunity of comparing females from Oban, Scot- 

 land, with our species, and have found no specific differences. The 

 description and figures given by Eev. T. E. E. Stebbiug in the Annals 

 and Magazine of Natural History, IV, vol. xvii, p. 79, pi. v, figs. 5 and 

 6, show a substantial correspondence in the males also, so that I have 

 regarded the species as common to both coasts. Whether the Green- 

 land species J. nivalis Kroyer, and the Southern species J. Eroyeri Ed- 

 wards, are also identical with J. alhifrons or not, I am unable to deter- 

 mine, in the absence of specimens for comparison. M. Sars says that 

 he has seen specimens of J. alhifrons Leach from Trieste, but regards 

 the Gieeuland species as distinct. Mobius regards the species as iden- 

 tical from Greenland to the Mediterranean, and unites them under the 

 name J. marina. Metzger, following Bate and Westwood, is more con- 

 servative, using the name J. alhifrons Leach. Bate and Westwood re- 

 gard J. nivalis Kroyer and Oniscus marinus O. Fabricius as doubtfully 

 identical with J. alhifrons, and J. Kroyeri Edwards as distinct. J. 

 Kroyeri Zaddach = J. haltica Friedrich Miiller appears to be, without 

 doubt, identical with this species, as it is separated by that author from 

 J. alhifrons Leach only by the position of the eyes, which were incor- 

 rectly described by Dr. Leach as close together. I have, therefore, re- 

 ferred these two names to J. alhifrons as synonyms, as has been done 

 previously by Lilljeborg and others. J. maculata Parfitt, a species based 

 almost wholly on color markings, I have referred to J. alhifrons, follow- 

 ing Stebbiug, who believes that he is " in accord with the author of the 

 species" in so doing. 



This species is common, and in suitable localities abundant, on the 

 whole coast of New England!, and extends as far north as Labrador! at 

 least, where it was collected by Dr. Packard, who regarded it as identi- 

 cal with J. nivalis Kroyer. It is found among rocks, algae, and rubbish 

 along the shore, often nearly up to high-water mark, where it may be 

 associated with some of the Oniscidw, to which it has a certain resem- 

 blance in form. It occurs "probably" aU around the coast of England 

 (Bate and Westwood). I have examined specimens from Oban!, Scot- 

 land. It extends to Finmark, on the coast of Norway (M. Sars), and is 

 common on all the coasts of the North Sea (Metzger). It is recorded 

 by Mobius in the Baltic among stones and algaB down to a depth of 18J 

 fathoms. According to M. Sars this species extends to Trieste on the 

 Adriatic, but without specimens I have not attempted to decide in re- 

 gard to the synonymy of the Mediterranean species. 



