IXTKODTTCED PLANTS AND ANIJIALS. 237 



their fan-shaped leaves. The more conniKm, though less attractive wine ijalm/ 

 can at once be recognized owing to its large coarse bipinnate leaves and wedge- 

 shaped leaflets that are strongly toothed at the extremities. The wine made 

 from this palm in India is drawn off by cutting the ends of the flowering stems 

 from which exudes the sweetish saj). This is then boiled down into a syrup or 

 by fermentation made into a toddy. The splendid examples of the Washington 

 palin."* with their tall robust trunks clothed with the pendant remains of dead 

 l('<ivcs, are sure to attract attention from travelers, especially those frcmi Cali- 

 fornia, whi're this "weeping palm" is a native. 



Two oi' three species of the- beautiful Rhapis palms occur in the islands, 

 where they are usually planted in pots and tubs. They are one of the few palms 

 that produce suckers at their base, thereby forniing thick clumps. The large 

 species '■' often grows eight or ten feet in height and has the stems armed with 

 prickles. The smaller species^" most commonly have the stems unarmed and 

 the leaves with about ten segments. It can easily be identified as a dift'ereut 

 species from the plants having leaves with from five to seven segments." All 

 of the species are native to Japan and China and are occasionally ealleil Japanese 

 or Chinese palms. 



Other plants of interest are the sugar palm,'- a spineless species growing 

 foi'ty feet high; and the oil jialm,'-' with a stout coarsely and deeply-ringed stem 

 twenty or thirty feet high. It has red fruits which yield the palm oil of com- 

 merce. The bottle palm,i^ with a curious bottle-shaped stem or caudex. and the 

 blue palm,'-""' with splendid bluish fan-shaped leaves, are easily recognized. 



Only two or three species nf the tropical palm-like cycads are found here, 

 and these are the common kinds to be .seen growing under glass in more rigorous 

 climates. The plants are propagated from seeds; They are very curious in 

 their method of flowering since the flowers appear in a mass in the heart of the 

 great crown of leaves. In time the flowers are followed by the fertile seed from 

 which they readily grow. The sago palm '" is the commonest species in cultiva- 

 tion. thouL;li the much larger s|)ecies'" is not uneonniion. 



Arauc.\ri.\. 



Passing to the evergreen-like trees, the giant Arauearia of Australia and 

 elsewhere grows to an enormous size and is fretpieutly seen in gardens. Some 

 splendid species of the Norfolk Island |)iue '^ are to lie seen in the older gardens 

 in Honolulu. The monkey-puzzle or Chili |)iue'''' is also connuon about the city. 

 The ilonterey cypress-" .seems to thrive in the islands and is nuu-h esteemed as 

 an ornamental tree. 



A tree which is more common than any of the foregoing, and one which 

 nii>.:ht be easily mistaken for a pine, is the Australian ironwood,-' beefwood or 

 she-oak. The fruit is cone-like in appearance and together with the needle- 



' Carynta urens. * Washinstonia filifcra. 



' Khapis flabelliformiit. ^- Arenga saccharife 



' Lantania f/laucopln/Ua. '" Ci/cas revoluta. 



