IXTRODrCEl) PLANTS AXD ANDIALS. 241 



natives. It is planted singly about the g'ardens in the city and is quite emn- 

 inonly met with in groves of some size in the various valleys nt' the urouji. 

 Wherever grown it adds materially to the beauty of landscape and in addition 

 it has a great utility value. The yoiuig tree usually grows in the form of a per- 

 fect cone. The leaves are often two feet oi- more in length, dai'k', \igorous green 

 in color and deeply lobed. The tree always has a thrift\- look- wliieh it retains 

 long after it has lost the charm of perfect form. The large green globular fruits 

 are three to five inches in diameter and ai-e especially esteemed by natives and 

 Europeans as food. When vim-v ripe the baked fruit has a flavoi- suggesting 

 sweet potato. When cooked green the Havor is less pronounced and less pleasing. 

 The tree attains a height of forty to sixty feet. The wood is a saffron color, 

 very durable and not liable to split. Elsewhere it has been used to some extent 

 in the manufacture of wheel hubs, but in Hawaii it is not used commercially. 

 The Ilawaiians used the leavi^s for ]>olisliiiig, the b;irk as a medicine, and the 

 gum for capturing birds. Like the kukui. the lireadfrnit has accompanied the 

 Polynesians on all their wanderings wherever the climate would allow it to live. 

 The tree is exceedingly difficult to propagate. As the Hawaiian variety 

 rarel.y, if ever, produces fertile seed the plant has been distributed by root 

 sprouts and by layerings. It is not as important here, however, as in T;diiti, 

 wlKn-e the fruit is made into a br(^adfruit poi. 



^L\N(l(). 



The mango--' is a strikingly beautiful tree and is as nnich prized for its 

 shade as for its delicious fruit. It forms one of the most stately trees to be seen 

 in the city or about the islands. Its ccmipact growth and its dense foliage of 

 large, dark-green leaves serve to identify the tree, but the rich ]nirple-red or 

 red-brown young leaves, usually grouped on opposite sides of the tree at dif- 

 ferent seasons, make it especially conspicuous and worthy of remark. 



ilost of the trees bloom in January and the fruit ripens along in -hdy and 

 August. However, these dates vary gi'eatly and j'.re fi-e((uently reversed, so 

 that tlK're is hardly a day in the year when ripe, fresh fruits may not be found 

 in the city. The bearing trees make but little growth owing to tlie heavy fruit- 

 age which bends low the .sturdy branches. Often only one side of a tree will 

 be in fi'uit at a time. 



The fruit of the mango is of the most exquisite shape and color. It i.-; about 

 the size of a pear, ovoid, slightly flattened with the two sidi's ilcx-elopcd \uicipially. 



=* Mangifera Indies 



1. A fine Altfaruba tree [KiaweJ (Prosopi.i juliflora). 2. Leaves of the Sacred Baniau 

 (Ficus religiosa). 6. A Bougainvillea in full bloom. 4. A Rhapis Palm (Ehapis Cochin- 

 chinensis). 5. Bird's Nest Fern [Ekaha] {A.splenium nidus) from the native forest. 6. 

 Flowers of Clerodendron Thommsonce. 7. Fruit, flowers and leaves of the California Pepper 

 {Schinus Molle). 8. Air-plant {BryophyUwn calycium) . 9. A C'ycas (Cyca^ sp.). 10. 

 PhylodendroH in an Algaroba tree ; a Bottle Palm to the left, a Fan Palm to the right. 



