THP: AXIilAL LIFE OF THE GROUP. 371 



opakapaka ■*- is light rosy-olive with violet shades, especially on the scales over 

 the back ; the ulaula ^* is a beautiful rose-red or reddish-pink, while the uku *^ 

 is uniform light gray, the upper parts tinged with blue which on the head 

 becomes dark blue. Some of the species may be procured almost every day, 

 there being more than a hundred thousand pounds sold annually in the 

 Hawaiian markets. 



Soles. 



Of the true soles ""' but two species were secured by the scientists of the 

 Albatross, and they were taken only from deep water. But of the nearly- 

 related flatfishes, especially the flounders,"'" five genera with a half-dozen 

 species have been recorded. By far the most plentiful flatfish is the pakii,** 

 a curious sand-colored fish with numerous eye-like markings of light grayish- 

 brown and bluish-gray and some with blackish edges. They are mostly small 

 in size, but are excellent when fried. In the Aquarium this flatfish loves to 

 lie almost concealed in the sand. Both eyes have been moved by nature far 

 over on one side of its head. It is indeed a natural wonder that well repays 

 the trouble it often takes to discover it when it has hidden itself in the sand 

 and pebbles for protection. 



Squikrel-Fishes. 



The squirrel-fishes *^ are conspicuous shore fishes frequenting the rocky 

 banks and coral reefs of the tropical seas. They are usually red or reddish 

 in color and have eleven spines in the dorsal and four in the anal fin, the third 

 usually being very strong. Five genera have been taken in the group, to 

 which twenty gaily-colored species have been credited. Several of the species 

 aie abundant and are alwaj'S to be seen in the market. The u'uS" is the 

 common red species that lives in the rocks. The natives have an interesting 

 way of fishing for them. One is first caught on a hook, which they take quite 

 readily. The fish is then attached to a line and dropped in again in some place 

 suitable to the habits of the u'u. If the rock is inhabited the resident species 

 will come out at once, bristling with rage, to drive oft' the intruder. Both fish are 

 then lifted out with a hand net ; the last one caught being substituted for the 

 decoy — and so the fishing proceeds. 



The alaihi •''' are interesting members of this family, represented by seven 

 or more species that are quite abundant about the islands. The>', like their 



i. <'■ Afirioyi virensrens. " Soleidtf. '"• Pleuronei-tida. 



ntrida'. ^'> ilyripristis murdjnn. ^^ Holocetitriis spp. 



(Description of Plate Continued from Opposite Page.) 



rus jordani). 5. A Butterfly Fish [Kikakapu] (Chwtodon uiiimaculatxis). 6. A Butterfly 

 Fish [Kikakapu] {Chcetodon miliaris). 7. Moorish Idol [Kihikihi] (Zanculus canescens). 

 8. A Surgeon Fish [Naenae] (Hepatus olivaceus). 9. A Surgeon Fish [Puala] (Eepatus 

 guntheri). 10. A Trigger Fish [Humuhumu nukunuku apua'a] (Balistapus rectangidus) . 

 11. Sharp-nosed Puffer [Puu olai] {Canthigaster epdamprus). 12. Porcupine Fish [Oopu 

 kawa] (DiodoH nudifron.i). 



