292 
Phenological calendar for Giessen. 
[Lat. 50° 35’ N.; long. 8° 12’ east of Greenwich ; altitude, 160 meters. ] 
“Date. Plant. Phage oy ©" || Date. Plant. pels pss oF Y. Cea 
Feb. 10 | Corylus avellana -_..-- Pollen. May 28 | Atropa belladonna__-__ Flower. 
Apr. 10 | AXsculus hippocast. ---| Leaf. June 1 | Symphoricarpos race- Do. 
13 | Ribes rubrum --_._----- Flower. ae 
17 | Ribes aureum ----.-.-- Do. 2 | Rubus idzeus---...--.-- Do 
1% | Betula‘albas 222222222. Pollen. 2 | Salva officinalis --___..- Do. 
1Si\MPrunusjaviumeetess-s: Flower. 5 | Cornus sanguinea... ... Do. 
19 | Prunus spinosa -______- TDA. 14 | Vitis vinifera ---...---- Do. 
19] |GBetuiatalba eae eee Tear! 20 | Ribes rubrum---..._--- Fruit. 
ay || Tessreciesienshe ee iiowor 21 | Ligustrum vulgare ____| Flower. 
93 | Prunus padus __.____-. not 22 | Tilia grandifolia --_...-- Do. 
23 | Pyrus communis __._.. De 26 | Lonicera tatarica ---.-- Fruit. 
25 | Fagus sylvatica ___..._| Leaf. 30 | Lilium Cana Buen Flower. 
28 | Pyrus malus___........| Flower. July 4 | Rubus idzeus-.......... Fruit. 
May 1 | Quercus pedunculata | Leaf. 5 | Ribes aureum....-..--- | Do. 
Allama nae Wlowor 19 | Secale cereale hibern. -| Harvest. 
4 | Syringa vulgaris ______ mot 30 | Sorbus SEGRE pote Fruit. 
4 | Fagus silv. ___...._.....| Full foliage. 30 Symploricar pes petee Do. 
4 | Narcissus poeticus ____| Flower. Aug. 1 iAtropal palltdornn a Do. 
7 | Atsculus hippocast. _-- Do. 11 | Sambucus nigra ___..-- Dat 
9 | Cratagus oxyacantha -_| Do. 24 | Cornus sanguinea _____ Dot 
12 | Spartium scoparium -. Do. Sept.9 | Ligustrum vulgare --__- Do. 
14 Quercus pedunculata _| Foliage. 16 | Adsculus hippocast. __- Do: 
14 | Cytisus laburnum ___-- Flower. 
16 | Cydonia vulgaris-__-- at Do. as 3 igiays att “Eye 6 es bea 
16\| Sorbus aucuparia --_-- | Do. 15 | Fagus eee § i : a Do. 
28 | Sambucus nigra --....- | Do. 20 | Quercus pedunculata. - Do. 
28 | Secale cereale hibern. -| Do. 
(B) Smithsonian list—In the United States calls for phenological 
observations were issued by the New York Agricultural Society in 
1807 and by the Regents of the University of New York about 1820, 
also by Josiah Meigs as Commissioner of the General Land Office in 
1817, but the principal work has been that undertaken by Prof. 
Joseph Henry, who as Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution estab- 
lished in 1848 a system of phenological observations undoubtedly 
arranged by Dr. Asa Gray or Dr. Arnold Guyot, and subsequently 
published a revised list of plants and epochs. 
This system was also promulgated by the Department of the 
Interior on behalf of the Patent Office and its Bureau of Agriculture 
requesting accurate observations. The following is an abstract of 
Doctor Gray’s schedule, which is here produced, because we shall 
have occasion to quote observations made on this plan, which was a 
shght modification of Quetelet’s plan. 
The observations thus collected by the Smithsonian, 1854-1859, 
were used by Fritsch in his memoir and list quoted on page 191. 
The following observations were requested by the Smithsonian 
Institution : 
