313 
‘The following table shows the differences for the varieties raised 
in the respective States: 
Weight | 4 tbumi- Weight | aipumi- 
of 100 | noids. of 100 | “noids. 
kernels kernels. 
Grams. |Per cent. Grams. |Per cent. 
All North America_--------- 3. 644 2 5 y | ROM IOR sS2 > ae oe 3.476 12.838 
Atlantic slope: 2.222225: 2-5" 3.489 1185? ||| "Dennessee=-* 222222. -225.=:- 3.150 12.50 
Central’ Statess 2222. fo 22. 3. 684 12466), ||P Wenbucktye-e sane eae eee ee 3. 454 13.15 
INOrtihiwest sos =24 > 22 59.22 3.205 14S O%a || Vaeininy £2 pee ene 3. 433 12.10 
NiortnePacince. 2 ---2-—-5— 4.091 SEOs GeOk PIR ons aetna ees 3. 578 11.78 
(CORTRXOE, BS a ee ee ee 3.325 LONS7-|| Alabam~ay- =~ 2-2 see 3. 424 11.29 
Miehiosamtess ne) kee 3. 969 11. 67 
The effect of climate and soil on wheat is strikingly shown in that a 
soft plump yellow wheat from Oregon and a small hard red variety 
from Minnesota, when used as seed in Colorado, in three years’ time 
had lost nearly all their differences, so as to look more like Colorado 
grain than like their own originals.¢ 
A study of 38 varieties grown during seven yedrs on one farm in 
Colorado shows a progressive change, as in the following table: 
Year. eat abe: bie : Year. Wes AYeota Noe : 
grains. * | bushel. grains. * | bushel. 
| Grams. |Per cent.| Pounds. Grams. |Per cent.| Pounds. 
1st eee ae eee 4. 865 UBE4ON S25 tee 1c yee ar ease bee bees 4, 222 12.53 65, 2 
iG ae ae ees 4, 283 DSiO£: fs - ee ABS e 4 2 Se. te se aee 3.810 11.34 | 62.2 
NGSS ie a ees re. 3.941 JA G4 Woe eae | 
These determinations show plainly that the soil and other condi- 
tions in 1885 would not produce as good a crop from introduced seed 
as in 1881, and that the drop in character of the crops as a whole is 
due as much or more to soil than to season. The seven varieties 
grown for several years in Colorado which showed no signs of deteri- 
oration are on this account worth considering, since they are perhaps 
the varieties to select for the locality, because they may be more 
suited to the conditions there existing than any others. Attention 
is called to the fact that deterioration in quality, as evidenced by 
diminution of albuminoids, is shown by the loss of weight per bushel. 
In the present case a drop of 1.2 per cent in albuminoids was accom- 
panied by a loss in weight of 3 pounds per bushel. No other cereal 
seems to be influenced by its environment in the same way as wheat. 
Oats are more changed, by climate and soil, in the outward physical 
appearance and properties of the grain; barley is modified in its 
«There is nothing to show how much this may have been due to spread of 
pollen from one field to the other.—C. A. 
