26 PHASCOLARCTIN ©. 
hallux present, large, widely opposable, with a broad, nailless, 
terminal pad. Tail (except in Phascolarctus) very long, and 
almost always prehensile. Stomach simple. Ccecum present 
(except in 7arsipes). Pouch well developed, opening backwards. 
Subfamily I.—PuHascoLarctinm. 
Tail wanting. Muzzle short and broad. Tongue not extensile. 
Cheek-pouches present. Ccoecum large and complicated. Teeth 
large. 
Genus IL—PHASCOLARCTUS, Slainville (1816). 
Size large ; form very stout and clumsy. Fur thick and woolly. 
Ears large, thickly furred. Flanks without flying-membrane. 
Fore toes subequal, their lengths in the following relative order— 
4, 3, 5, 2, 1; the first and second opposable to the others. Claws 
thick, strong, and sharply pointed. Palms and soles granulated 
without striated pads. Tail rudimentary. Mammez two. Ribs 
numbering eleven only. 
Dentition.—I. 725, C. & P. gopa M. (84 x 2=30. 
Habits.—Arboreal ; phytophagous. 
Note.—A fifth lower molar is occasionally developed. 
1. PHASCOLARCTUS CINEREUS, Goldf., sp. (1819). 
Koala; Native Bear. 
Fig. 2. 
Side view of skull of Phascolarctus cinereus, reduced one half. 
General color above gray ; below white or yellowish-white. 
Rhinarium thinly clothed with minute hairs. Ears rounded, the 
hairs on their backs black tipped with white ; elsewhere white. ~ 
rump dirty yellowish-white, sometimes irregularly spotted. Hands 
and feet white. 
