86 MEGADERMA. 
ous expansion, which forms a vertical process posteriorly. Lower 
lip projecting slightly beyond the upper. Ears large, partially 
connected ; tragus long, bifid. Index finger with a short bony 
phalanx. Toes subequal; the outer with two, the others with 
three phalanges. Calcaneum distinct. Tail very short, only 
discernible in skeletons. Interfemoral membrane large, concave 
behind. 
Dentition.—I. > Cp Pp >, (Australian and Oriental Regions) 
or i-5 (Ethiopian Region), M. $=) =28 or 26. 
Habits.—Carnivorous and insectivorous. Some, probably all, 
of the members of this genus are sanguinivorous and carnivorous, 
feeding not only on insects but also on smaller kinds of Bats and 
other small Mammals, and even Frogs and Fishes, while it may 
be presumed that small Birds and Reptiles would prove equally 
acceptable. This habit has been specially noticed by several 
observers in the Indian J. lyra. 
1. MecapErMA GiIGcAs, Dobson (1880). 
Great Blood-sucking Bat. 
Lower jaw projecting beyond the upper. Ears considerably 
longer than the head, conjoined for nearly half the length of the 
inner margin, oval and rounded off above. Tragus large, bifid, 
the posterior lobe long, narrow, and acutely pointed, the anterior 
lobe scarcely half the length of the posterior, broad at the base, 
convex in front, and obtusely rounded above. Nose-leaf with 
convex sides, the anterior concave disc large, the external margin 
thickened and adherent to the muzzle beneath; base of the longi- 
tudinal process cordate. Extremity of the second finger extending 
beyond the middle of the first phalanx of the third finger. Wing- 
membrane from the back of the foot. Tail rudimentary. Inter- 
femoral membrane large. A well marked postorbital process not 
perforated by a foramen. Terminal third of the fur above pale 
grayish-brown, beneath almost white, as also are the ears, nose- 
leaf, and membranes. 
Dimensions.—Head and body about five and a third inches ; 
forearm about four and a fifth inches. 
Habitat.—Wilson’s River, Central Queensland. 
Reference.—Dobson, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1880, p. 461, pl. xlvi. 
figs. @ (animal), b (upper view of skull). 
Family IV.—VESPERTILIONIDA. 
Nasal apertures simple, crescentic or circular, situated at th® 
extremity of the muzzle, without cutaneous appendages. Ears 
large or medium, generally separate, with rather large tragi. Tail 
