TAPHOZOUS. 95 
Habitat.—Australia and the Islands of Torres Straits; from 
New Guinea and the Malay Archipelago westward through the 
wholeof southern Asia and Europe; Africa from the Mediterranean 
to the Cape of Good Hope. 
Reference.—Dobson, B.M. Catal. Chiropt. p. 348. 
2. MINIOPTERUS AUSTRALIS, Zomes (1858). 
Differs chiefly from MW. schreibersi in its smaller size and the 
distribution of the fur. Interfemoral membrane clothed as far 
back as a line drawn from one ankle to the other ; tibise covered 
with fine hairs. Fur dark reddish-brown throughout above; below 
darker brown basally, the extremities grayish. 
Dimensions.—Head and body about one and three-fourths inch; 
tail about the same ; forearm about one and three-fifths inch. 
Habitat.—Australia ; Loyalty Islands. 
Reference.—Dobson, B.M. Catal. Chiropt. p. 351. 
Family V.EMBALLONURIDA. 
Nasal apertures simple or valvular, situated at the extremity 
of the muzzle, without distinct cutaneous appendages. Ears large, 
often united, with short tragi. Tail partially free, either perfor- 
ating the interfemoral membrane and appearing upon its upper 
surface, or produced far beyond its posterior margin. Upper 
incisors separated in front. 
Subfamily I.— EmpBaLionurinm. 
Tail slender, perforating the interfemoral membrane and appear- 
ing upon its upper surface, or terminating in it. Legs Inog; 
fibule very slender. Upper incisors weak. 
Genus I.—TAPHOZOUS, Geoffroy (1812). 
Muzzle very conical, broad behind, very narrow in front, ter- 
minated by the slightly projecting inner margin of the valvular 
nostrils. Ears separate; tragus short, narrow in the middle, 
expanded above. Lower lip as long or slightly longer than the 
upper. Generally a glandular sac, opening anteriorly, between 
the angles of the lower jaw, more or only developed in the males. 
Tail perforating the interfemoral membrane, and appearing on its 
upper surface, capable of being partially withdrawn. Upper 
incisors often absent in adults. 
Dentition.—I. 7, O. =, P. 53, M. 3 = 30. 
Habits.—Insectivorous. 
