DERIVATION OF THE FAUNA 33 



But one or two instances of either the bongo or forest pig 

 having fallen to the rifle of the white man have thus far 

 been recorded. The Abbott duiker is still only known by 

 the original specimen secured by Doctor Abbott a score of 

 years ago in the forests of Kilimanjaro. These three ex- 

 clusively forest animals are of West African aflSnities and 

 have reached East Africa by way of the straggling forests 

 through Uganda and the upper Congo. Other game ani- 

 mals which are confined to the forest are the red duiker, 

 the bush pig, the suni, the bushbuck, the elephant, and the 

 leopard, the last being the only large carnivore which 

 enters the forest. Many of these game animals are found 

 widely distributed in the lowland forests of Uganda and 

 the tropical coast belt. 



The moorland zone succeeds the forest on the high 

 mountains of Kenia, Kilimanjaro, Ruwenzori, Elgon, and 

 the Aberdare Range. It extends from the upper limits of 

 the bamboo at ten thousand feet to the lower margin of 

 the snow-fields at fourteen thousand five hundred feet. 

 The country between these altitudes is an open moorland 

 of boggy soil overgrown by dense masses of shrubby al- 

 chemillas and tussocks of reeds and grass. Tree-heaths 

 occur throughout the lower levels of the zone and gro- 

 tesque tree-like groundsels and lobelias in the upper alti- 

 tudes. Great numbers of rodents occur in this high, cold 

 region, but the antelopes are represented by only a single 

 resident species, the Abyssinian duiker, Sylvicapra grimmi 

 altivallis. The Cape buffalo occasionally reaches the moor- 

 land as a straggler. There is a record of one on Kenia 

 which perished recently in the snow at fifteen thousand 

 feet, where its remains still lie. Elephants are also oc- 



