H 
their victories, than the glory of 
delivering nations from tyranny. 
These ideas had spread far and 
wide among the Italians, together 
with the hope of seeing their coun- 
try re-attain its independence and 
ancient splendour. The remem- 
brance of those -celebrated names, 
that had done it so much credit of 
old, was now recalled: with enthu- 
siasm. Peculiar honours were paid 
to the spot where Virgil was 
born. A monument was erected 
to his memory, and similar memo- 
rials were intended to perpetuate 
the fame of other illustrious men, 
who had adorned their country ei- 
ther in former times, or in modern 
ages. \ 
Numerous were the effusions and 
testimonials of their gratitude to 
the French, for reviving their ex- 
pectations to recover those free go- 
yernments, under which some of 
the {talian states had once made so 
flourishing a figure. While the re-, 
publican army was advancing to- 
wards Rome, some of its many 
well-wishers in that city had al- 
Yeady reared in their determina- 
tions a statue to its commander, 
with an inscription to commemo- 
rate the restitution of the senate 
and people to their primitive power 
and dignity, 
At Faenza, the inhabitants actu- 
ally erected a triumphal arch-to the 
honour of the French, and.of Buo- 
Maparte, specifying their victory 
over the papal army, and securing 
thereby the liberty of that city, 
The fact was, that the governments 
exercised over the different people 
of Italy, in the ecclesiastical state 
_ especially, were fallen so low in the 
estimation of the public, that a 
large proportion of the inhabitants 
were heartily desirous of a change. 
‘ 
IST ORY sOFSEUROPE. 
fas 
The-clergy in the pope’s dominions 
engrossed allthe authority, and the 
other countries were in the hands of 
foreigners. Hence the national spi- 
rit of the natives was extinct, and 
they felt no interest in the transac 
tions of their rulers, looking upon 
themselves, as wholly unconcerned 
either in the good or the ill success 
of their measures. 
While Buonaparte was putting 
the last hand to thesettlement of dif+ 
ferences with the court of Rome, 
and of the affairs of the newly con- 
stituted repablics,. the councils of 
the Imperial court were uoless bu- 
sily occupied in preparing the means 
of disputing, once more, the em- 
pire of Italy, with this fortunate 
commander. Thepoint, that seemed 
chiefly in contemplation, was whom 
to appoint successor to those gene- 
rals, whom he-had successively de- 
feated.. Several were proposed, and 
in truth, the Austrian armies were 
not deficient in officers of experi- 
ence and reputation ; but the gene- 
ral yoice seemed to pronounce in 
favour of the archduke Charles. 
His conduct and successes, during 
the last campaign, had made him 
very conspicuous, and his closing it 
with the taking of Kehl, and by 
compelling the French »to retire 
within their own limits, had. raised 
him a great name in all Germany. 
These .citcumstances determined 
thé Imperial ministry to fix upon 
this young prince as the fittest rival 
to oppose to Buonaparte. pes 
‘In order to.send him to the field, 
with all the advantages that could 
‘be procured, every exertion was 
made throughout the Austrian do- 
minions, to furnish him with, an 
army fitto revive the hopes of. his 
family and his country, both whi¢gh, 
rightly considered the efforts that 
fC 4) were 
