aTAT SE PA PE RS, 
earnest of a satisfaGtory termination 
of the whole negotiation. 
Measures are in operation for 
effeGiing .eaties with the regen- 
cies of unis and Tripoli.- 
‘To an aétive external commerce 
the protection of a naval force is 
indispensable. This is manifest 
with regard to wars in which a 
state is itself a party; but besides 
this, it is our own experience, that 
the most sincere neutrality is not a 
sufficient guard against the depre- 
dations of nations at war. Tose. 
cure respect to a neutral flag re. 
quires a naval force, organized, 
and ready to vindicate it from in- 
sult or aggression. This may 
even prevent the necessity of going 
to war, by discouraging beilige- 
rent powers from committing such 
violations of the rights of the 
neutral party as may, first or last, 
receive no other option. From the 
best information I have been able 
to obtain, it would seem as if our 
trade to the Mediterranean, with- 
out a protecting force, will always 
be insecure ; and our citizens ex- 
posed to the calamities from which 
numbers of them have bat just 
been relieved. These considera- 
tions invite the United States to 
look to the means, and to set about 
the gradual creation af a navy. 
The increasing progress of their 
Navigation promises them, at no 
distant period, the requisite supply 
of seamen; and their means, in 
other respects, favour the under. 
taking. It is an encouragement, 
likewise, thgt their particular situa- 
tion will give weight and influence 
to a moderate naval force in their 
hands. Will it not then be ad- 
visable to begin, without delay, 
to provide, ard lay up the mate- 
rials for the building and equipping 
[315 
of ships of war; and to proceed in 
the work by degrees, in proportion 
as our resources shall render it prac- 
ticable, without inconvenience ; so 
that a future war of Europe may 
ngy find our commerce in the same 
unprotected state in which it was 
found by the present ? 
Congress have repeatedly, and 
not without success, directed their 
attention to the encouragement of 
manufaGtures. The object is of 
too much consequence not to en» 
sure a-continuation of their efforts, 
in every way which will appear 
eligible. As a general rule, ma- 
nutaéturers on a public account are 
inexpedient; but where the state 
of things in a country leave little 
hope that certain branches of ma- 
nufa@ure will, for a great length 
of time, obtain; when these are of 
a nature essential to the furnishing 
and equipping of the public force 
in the time of war, are not esta- 
blishments for procuring them on 
public account, 0 the extent of the 
ordinary demand for the public service, 
recommended by strong considera- 
tions of national policy, as.an ex-__ 
ception to the general rule? Ought 
our country to remain in such cases 
dependent on foreign supply, pre- 
carious, because liable to be inter. 
rupted? If the necessary articles 
should in this mode cost more in 
time of peace, will not the security 
and independence thence arising 
form an ample compensation? 
Establishments of this sort, com- 
mensurate only with the calls of- 
the public service in the time of 
peace, will, in time of war, easily. 
be extended in proportion to the, 
exigencies Of government, andeven 
perhaps be made to yield a sur- 
plus, for the supply of our citizens 
at large; so as to mitigate the pri- 
vateers 
