ANTIQUITIES. 
THE name of Spain is probably 
of Phoenician origin. The Ro- 
mans borrowed it trom the Cartha- 
ginians, through whom they first be- 
came acquainted with the country. 
The Greks every where caii it 
Iberia, without attaching always 
the same idea to the denomination, 
‘The elder Greeks, till the period 
of the Achzan league and of their 
closer acquaintance with Roman 
affairs, understood by it the whole 
sea-coast from the columns of Her- 
cules to the mouth of the Rhine: 
because throughout this district, 
the Iberi were to be found, some- 
times apart, sometimes mingled 
with Ligurians. ‘Lhe river bbro 
has its name trom them. 
The sea.coast beyond the pillars 
they called iartessis. ‘Lhe interior 
of the country went long without 
a name among the inhabitants, be- 
cause each nation considered itself 
as a whole, and lived nearly un- 
«connetted with its ueighbours, 
Among the Greeks, it obtained 
the vague name ot Kelrica; which 
was also applied to the whoie 
north-west ot Europe. ‘Lime al- 
‘tered these ideas, and the latter 
‘Greeks appropriate the name Iberia 
to the same country which the 
Romans calied Hispania. Even 
this last name the Greeks occa- 
sionally use, but understand by it 
the region between the _ Pyrenées 
and Iber or Ebro, Not till the 
second or third century was the 
Latin name fully received into the 
Greek tongue, although earlier in- 
Stances occur. Hesperia, er the 
west country, is a common name 
among the Greek poets both for 
‘Italy and Spain; jor the latter, 
with the occasional epithet ultima. 
History mentions as the most an- 
« 
the midst of antiquity. 
ra63 
cient settled inhabitants of the 
country in che western pattsy the 
Kynete; and on the southern 
coust, the ‘lartessians beyond the 
Iberians within the Pillars of Her 
cuies. Part of the latter, between 
the Pyrenées and the Ebro, were 
known by the name of Iglete. 
Herodotus learned these names 
from the Phoczans; so that our 
first notices of the country reach 
back to che times of the early Per- 
sian kings. I pass over the fable 
of Luscus and Pan, Generals of 
Bacchus, said to have given their 
names to Lusitania and Hispania, 
Herodotus also notices some in. 
truded tribes, the Phoenicians whe 
had colonized the coasts, and the 
Celts who had wandered into the 
interior. ‘These dwell less west. 
ward than the Kynetxz, and pro. 
bably in the same regions in which 
we find them at a later peried ; and 
these were probably the only Ceits 
or Kelis of whom the Pheenicians 
had experimentai knowledge; which 
occasions tHerodotus to place erro. 
neously among a city, Pyrene, near 
to which he supposes the Danube 
to rise. 
Whether the Phoenicians or the 
Kelts were the earlier intruders 
cannot be ascertained. Both their 
emigrations precede the beginning 
of authentic history. The build- 
ing of Gadeir, their chief sea-porr, 
by the Pheenicians, is placed soon 
after the Trojan war. The in. 
trusion of the Kelts loses itself in 
Later his. 
tory mentions them to have come 
from beyond the Pyrenées, to have 
waged long wars with the Iberi, 
and finally to have melted into one 
nation; which under the name of 
Keltiberi, possessed a considerable 
traét 
