HISTORY OF EUROPE. tl99 



CHAP. XIII. 



Combined Campaign of Italy and Germany. — The French Army, under 

 Morcau, crosses the Rhine at different Points. — The different Divisions 

 assemble at Schaffhausen. — General Kray deceived by the skilful 

 Maimuvres of Moreau. — Actions at Stockach and Mosskirk ; and 

 Biberach and Memmingen. — The Austrian Army retire to Ulm, 

 whither they are followed by the French. — Plan of Moreau, for faimtr- 

 ing the Operations of the Army in Italy, gradually unfolded ; which 

 is, to retire from Ulm and the left Banks of the Danube to the Lake of 

 Constance. — The Change in Italy induces him to change the Plan of 

 his Operations in Germany. — He resolves to act on the Offensive. — 

 Crosses the Danube.~^A Series of Actions. — General Kray leaves 

 Ulm, which is blockaded by a Division of the French Army, under the 



Orders of General Richenpanse Contributions in Bavaria. — Munich 



taken — Armistice. — Negocialion for Peace. — Broken off. — The Em- 

 peror Joins the Austrian Army. — A Prolongation of the Armistice — 

 Expiration of the Truce, and Renewal of the War. — Armistice con~ 

 eluded at Steyer on the Twenty-ffth of December. 



THE combined campaign of 

 Italy and Germany agreed on, 

 in the interview already mentioned 

 between Buonaparte and Moreau, 

 shews how finely military operations 

 may be managed in concert, at a 

 distance, and on a great scale, and 

 witli as much precision as the evo- 

 lutions of the two wings of the same 

 army. To this extraordinary cam- 

 paigri, there is nothing superior, if 

 at all commemorable, in history. 



The great outline of the concert- 

 ed plan, as far as it concerned the 

 conduct of Moreau, was, by a sc- 

 ries of feints, not less than attacks, 

 to occupy the attention of general 

 Kray, to strike terror into the heart 

 of Germany, to alarm the Austrians 

 for the safety of the ca])ita], and, at 

 tlie same lime, to maintain a com- 

 munication, and send seasonable re- 



inforcements to the French army in 

 Italy. 



The French army, on the twen- 

 ty-fifth of April, crossed the Rhine 

 in four great divisions, under the 

 respective commands of general St. 

 Susanne, general St. Cyr, general 

 Moreau, and general Lecourbe. — 

 The division, under general St. Su- 

 sanne, advanced to Oflenburgh, 

 while general St. Cyr, who had 

 crossed the Rhine at Old Brisac, 

 advanced to Fribourg. The ma- 

 noeuvres of St. Cyr seemed to indi- 

 cate an intention to form a junction 

 with St. Susanne ; and, of course, 

 that the plan of Moreau was, to 

 penetrate through the Black Moun- 

 tains, by the valley of Kintsing, 

 towards Donaueschingen. The 

 movement of general St. Susanne, 

 however, was only a feint, for he 



