368 § ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1944 
the palaces, libraries, and temples of Knossus. Those of the learned 
and cultured Cretans who could do so fled in ships to the still civilized 
shores of Asia Minor, Syria, and Egypt. ; 
oO 
52505 y 
ERK I 
RRR RIOD 
CS 
ARABIAN seq 
Ficure 8.—Louis H. Gray, specialist in the origins of languages, presents this map 
to show the locations of various groups of Indo-Europeans after they had seized 
their lands in the plateau of Iran and Turkestan. 1, Persians; 2, Medes; 
3, Margians and Bactrians; 4, the oft-traversed route to India; 5, Drangianians 
and Anachorians; 6, Carmanians; 7, Gedrosians; 8, Hyrcanians; 9?, Indo- 
European homeland before dispersal. Note the present boundary of Iran 
(Persia). 
T, Tehran; H, Herat; M (west), Meshed; M (east), Merv; B, Bukhara; A. D., 
Amu Darya. 
While the Greeks in the second half of the first millennium B. C. 
were driving civilization back toward its center, others of the Indo- 
Europeans of the steppes had passed north of the Caspian Sea and 
entered the plateau of Iran. They lingered there for generations— 
