1902.] SPIDERS FROM BORNEO AND SINGAPORE, 259 
resemblance is possibly synaposematic. There are,at any rate, some 
good grounds for supposing that 47, misippus (L. )is a Miillerian 
mimic of Limnas chrysippus (1..). (See Poulton: “ Mimiery in 
Butterflies of the Genus Hypolimnas,” Proc. Am. Assoc. Ady. Sci. 
1897, vol. xlvi. p. 242.) 
Elym nias nigrescens (Butl.) and allied species are in India and 
elsewhere mimics of Huplainw; no Hupleina serving as models 
to HL. nigrescens occur in Borneo, though the species is common 
enough. The subfamily “Llymniine is an interesting one, as 
affording examples of species endowed with a double means of 
protection against the attacks of their enemies. The majority of 
the Bornean species are on the upper side good mimics of Euploeine 
or Pierine models, whilst on the under side they are mottled with 
grey and brown, so that when at rest they are indistinguishable 
from their surroundings, 
Elymnias lais (Cr.) occurred on Mt. Penrissen, and I had 
ample opportunities of observing something of its habits. The 
male is black above with green streaks, a common type of colora- 
tion amongst the Daniint (e52:; Radena vulgaris (Butl.), Caduga 
larissa (Feld. ), Parantica eryx (Fab.), &e., &e.), whilst the under 
side is mottled. The female is a mimic of 7'repsichrois mulciber 
(Cr.) 2, but I have never seen this sex alive. The green-and- 
black Danaines Caduga larissa (Feld.) and Parantica crowleyt 
(Jenner Weir) were abundant on Mt. Penrissen, so much so, 
indeed, that after two days’ collecting they were left in peace. 
Their flight was leisurely and flaunting, so that they were always 
readily distinguishable. Their mimic, the H/ymnias, flew more 
rapidly, but even then attracted one’s attention as being remark- 
ably similar to its models. By the time one had realized the true 
nature of the insect, it had flown past and a critical moment was 
gone. If the butterfly was followed up, it would be seen to settle 
on some twig or stalk with the wings closed, but on coming up to 
close quarters one might search for it in vain; any sudden move- 
ment would cause it to dart away, displaying once again its 
Danaine coloration, to some other resting-place, and so the hunt 
would be continued ad nauseam. 
Elymnias godferyi (Dist.) mimics Delias aglaia (Linn.), and 
has on the under side some appropriate yellow and red markings, 
which are, however, somewhat obscured by mottlings of brown. 
We have here, in fact, a species which is beginning to discard a 
uniform mottled under side in favour of brighter mimetic colora- 
tion, such as is seen in some species from New Guinea and the 
neighbouring islands, which mimic very closely on both surfaces 
of the wings Eupleeine and Pierine butterflies, and have discarded 
entirely a protective coloration. 
Elymnias aroa, sp. n., is described in Appendix I. to this 
paper: only two specimens were captured. It is a fairly good 
mimie of Z’ronga crameri (Lucas), which occurred with it. 
The common day-flying moths the Agaristid Scrobigera hes- 
perioides (Wtk.) and the Chaleosid Hterusia obliquiaria (Ww Ik.) are’ 
Ve I fi 
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