ETHNOGRAPHICAL COLLECTION FROM KTLIMA-NJARO. 



S9i 



Africa where Mobammedism has not penetrated; and, indeed, where it 

 has reached, it is only added to the former. All sickness and misfor- 

 tnne are supposed to be duo to the evil influence of some other indi- 

 vidual. When boys and others would bring me natural history speci- 

 mens they always did it secretly, or would bring them after dark, saying- 

 that if the Mangi (sultan) found it out he would beat tluMU for bringing 

 me materials for sorcery. 



Scattered throughout the cultivated regions, there are numerous 

 small groves of large trees, carefnlly preserved from injury. These are 

 thought to be the abode of spirits. When a thunderstorm occurs, the 

 spirits are i)assing from one grove to another. In Machame, which Mr. 

 Skoens and I were the first Euroi)eans to visit, before we were allowed 

 to see the chief the signs had to be consulted, as follows: A goat was 

 brought forward, both parties expectorated freely upon its head, and 

 incantations were mumbled over it. A triangalar piece of skin was cut 



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py 'w .,-"• 



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Fig. 10. 



Dead Elephant. 



Monut Kilinia-Xjaio, East Afrira. 



; Kicni pl.otoeraijh in U. .S N M. ) 



from its forehead, much to the animal's distress; this was divided into 

 strij)S and a slit cut in each. One of these strips was j)laced upon the 

 middle finger of each of us by a prominent native, whom, in turn, we 

 ornamented in a similar manner. After this the goat was killed and 

 the entrails examined. The signs being pronounced favorable, we then 

 proceeded to his majesty's presence. He wished to become " blood 

 brother" with me; so, after examining him to make certain of his not 

 having any disease, the operation was proceeded with. Small nicks 

 were made in our right forearms, and each of us then sucked the blood 

 as it fiowed from the arm of the other. 



I pass now to a consideration of the fauna and flora of this region. 

 The elephant is very commou, but rarely met with; it frequents the 

 forest and ascends the mountain to tlie central ridge. Lieut. Elders 

 and I saw the tracks of a half-grown one in the snow at 10,000 feet. 

 The natives take them in huge pit falls or shoot them with poisoned 



