KOREAN COLLECTIONS IN THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. 453 



Head hand (Maug-koii). Skilfully woven of lioi\sehair, with draw- 

 string- and two tying strings. On the front is a piece of a substance 

 resembling amber, which prevents the hat trom slipping down. 

 PI. XIX, fig. 1, lower line (commencing at the left). 



Leugtb, 19^ inches; wultli, 3 inches. 



Seoul, Korea, 1885. 77112 



Collected by Ensign J. B. Bernadou, U. S. Navy. 



Worn around the head to keep the loose hair in order. It may l)e the ana- 

 logue of the fillet of bark or leaves worn by the ancient Japanese and Chinese 

 for the same purpose, and now often worn by the Koreans. High ofticials wear 

 ai button of gold or jade on the head liand. 



MOURNER'S COSTUMES. 



The mourning customs of Korea are regulated to the minutest detail 

 by the Chinese Book of Rites, the Sa-ryei-pyellam, a compilation of the 

 burdensome rules that should govern, coming of age, marriage, death 

 and burial, and the worship of the dead. The two latter are very full. 

 The i^ortion of the book laying down the mortuary customs is trans- 

 lated in Boss' Korea. 



The two years' mourning period required on the death of parents is 

 governed in such a way that it amounts to hermit-like seclusion of the 

 producing members of society. The mourner hides his face, and sits 

 literally in " sackcloth and ashes," and his labor is a loss to the state 

 for two years. 



Mourning Cap (Tou-ken). Hemp cloth; wedge-shaped; made some- 

 what like a grocer's paper bag of a single piece of coarse stuff. PI. 

 XVIII, fig. 1, upi^er line (commencing at the left). 



Height, 7f inches; diameter, 7A inches. 



Seoul, Korea, 1885. 77089 



Collected Ijy Ensign J. B. Bernadou, U. S. Navy. 



Worn on special mourning occasions. 



MouRNiNCi HAT (Koul-kiiu). Plaited band of coarse hemp cloth; 

 stiffened; lined with paper. This band bent into a peak forms the 

 crown. A narrow strip of cloth forms the head band ; the ends of 

 this strip hang free beh)w the chin. PI. xviii, fig. 2, upper line 

 (commencing at the left). 



Height, 13 inches. 



Seoul, Korea, 1885. 77085 



Collected by Ensign J. B. Bernadou, U. S. Navy. 



Tlie outer of the three headdresses (77089, 77085, and 77088). Worn on 8i)ecial 

 mourning occasions, such as the day of a death; after the decease of a parent; 

 at the time of Imrial, and at the expiration of the first and second years after a 

 death. 



Mourner's hat (Pyo-rang-i). Woven of bleached, split bamboo. 

 Shape of the national hat. PI. xviii, fig. 3, upper line (commenc- 

 ing at the left). 



Diameter, 15f inches; height, 4f inches. 



Seoul, Korea, 1885. 77064 



