456 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1S01. 



National hat — Ooiitiimed. 



Diameter of brim, 18 inches; height of crown, 'i} inches. 

 Seonl, Korea, 1885. 77060 



Collected by Ensign J. B. Bernadou, U. S. Navy. 



Worn by all classes in Korea, indoors and out. It does not fit over the head, 

 but is placed on the crown and held in position by the tying strings. 



Cap (Kou). Wide, circular band of black liorsebair. PI. xix, lio-. 

 3, upper line (commencing at the left). 



Height, 7^ inches. 



Seoul, Korea, 1885. 77115 



Collected by Ensign J. B. Bernadou, U. S. Navy. 



Worn by those of the literary class who have not as yet passed examinations 

 or held office; also allowed to any one who passes the second grade in merit at 

 the literary or military examinations before holding office. The lower class of 

 merchants and laborers, unless after such examinations, can not wear it. 



Examination cap (Yu-kcin). Of one piece of coarse, black, cotton 

 stuft", shaped like a grocer's paper bag. PI. xix, tig. 2, middle 

 line (commencing at the left). 



Height, 9 inches; diameter, 7 inches. 



Seoul, Korea, 1885. 77057 



Collected by Ensign J. P>. Bernadou, U. S. Navy. 



Worn by students only at the literary examinations, which are held yearly 

 for the preliminary grade. This style of cap is reputed to bo made in the shajte 

 of the mountain near which Confucius was born. It was introduced from 

 China several centuries ago, pi'oliably during tlic Ming dynasty. 



Cap (T'ang-kon). Black horsehair woven in'the shape of the court liat. 

 Weaving barred 5 that is, the weaving is so disposed as to leave 

 oblong reticulations. PI. xix, fig. 3, middle line (commencing at 

 the left). 



Height, 7 inches. 



Seoul, Korea, 1885. 77056 



Collected by Ensign J. B. Bernadou, U. S. Navy. 



Worn by all officers in government service and by those who have passed 

 the first grade in the literary and military examinations. It is worn when at 

 home or indoors by all officers, a few of the lower grades of attendants at the 

 "yamouns"or official houses, such as np))er policemen, being alone excepted. 



Ceremonial HAT (Keum-koii). Helmet-shai)ed. liack, shield-shaped; 

 woven of thin slivers of bamboo incrusted with gilt papier-mache 

 dragons, scrolls, etc. Front, black satteeu, curving backward 

 and spaced by vertical gilded wires. The front band has a deco- 

 rated panel. Head rim adjustable; tied with l)luc silk cords. A 

 large wooden pin, with cord and tassel, is thrust tl trough the sides 

 of the back portion of the hat. PI. xix, fig. 4, middle line (com- 

 mencing at the left). 



Height, 10 inches. 



Seoul, Korea, 1885. 77062 



Collected by Ensign .T. B. Bernadou, U. S. Navy. 



Worn upon the occasion of the King's offering sacrifices, by those who assist 

 him in the cerenu)ny. A similai'hat, not gihled, is worn by those officiating at 

 the semi-annual sacrifices to Confucius. These are oftered throughout Korea in 

 all districts governed bv magistrates. 



