KOREAN COLLECTIONS IN THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. 479 



struck; by <!oinbiuatioii these souuds may be increased to sever. The 

 drum lias a huUow wcxxleii body of hour-glass shape; the heads are 

 drawn over the ends of tlie body and extended over two iron rings. 

 The lacing of rope with tighteners runs between these rings. The 

 larger head is of skin and the smaller of membrane. The deepest 

 sound is made by striking the skin head in the center, the rim gives 

 another sound, the membrane head gives a lighter, noisier sound. 

 Harp (Kom-oun-to). Body long and narrow with half oval section, 

 made of Jastropha cUrcas wood, the Kiri of Japan. Six strings 

 tightened by buttons; fourteen frets. On the bottom a verse by a 

 Chinese scholar is engraved; ornamentation of bats and fretwork 

 characters appear on other portions. 

 PI. XXV. Leiigtli, — iuclu's. 



Seoul, Korea, 1885. 93569 



Collected by Eusign J. B. BeiDadou, U. S. Navy. 



This iiistruineut re.semble.s the Japanese koto aud is played like it with the 

 plectrum. It is jilaced horizontally on the floor when in position for playing. 

 Koreans regard it quite an accomplishnient to master this iustruuieut. 



Dulcimer (Yang-gum). Flat, hollow box of o dong wood, trapezoidal 

 in shape, with lid. Twelve groups of four thin brass wires each 

 are stretched across the box over and beneath two diagonal 

 bridges. Iron pegs and tuning keys. PI. xxvi. 



Length, 21J inches; width, 6| inches; height, 3^ inches. 



Seoul, Korea. 130889 



Collected by Dr. H. N. Allen. 



Played by striking the strings with a thin strip of )»amboo, the dulcimer 

 being held by placing the forefinger in a hole beneath the box and resting it 

 on the tii)s of the fingers and thumb. The long side is held toward the body, 

 and the forward and middle sections of the strings are used. This instrument 

 is much in favor among the educated class and is used for lioth instrumental 

 pieces and accompaniment. 



PUBLIC CONVENIENCE AND SAFETY. 



Guide post (Jang-sung). Eudo post with grotesquely carved human 

 face. When conii)lete it is crowned with a hat, has large ears, and 

 thin strips along either side represent clothing. PI. xxvii. 



Lengtli, 29| inches. 



Seoul, Korea. 129484 



Collected by P. L. Jouy. 



Placed along country roadsides at intervals of half a mile. Complete speci. 

 mens are about 6 feet high, are painted, and bear on the fnmt an inscription 

 showing the distances. It is believed that this Jang sung is a shamanistic idol 

 to the spirits of the place as well as a guide post. 



THE ART OF WAR. — WEAPONS AND ARMOR. 



Armor (Gap-ot). Consists of a coat, helmet, and wide belt made up 

 of many thicknesses of coarse, cotton cloth, covered with yellow 

 stuff. The coat is made up of two wide liaps connected by a band. 



