PREHISTORIC NAVAL ARCHITECTURE. 551 



regular imiritinie warfare,' and occupied Bataviau territory until Ooii- 

 stantiuus Chlorus retook Bonouia, built a, new fleet, and in 1^98 con- 

 quered the Brittauic Oiiisar, and his German allies." 



In 363 the Saxon piratical craft again harassed the Gallic coast.^ It 

 is possible that the Saxons entered into a couii)act with the Picts, 

 whom they afterwards so successfully fought for that possession, and 

 around the coast of Scotland those naval battles may have been fought 

 which are mentioned ])yTheod(»sius' orator,' and which freed the ocean 

 from the Saxons,^ But, notwithstanding, the terror they had spread 

 down to tlic Garonue and Charente,"^ the destiuy of the Saxons was 

 fullilled in the middle of the lifth century with the landing of Hengist 

 and Horsa upon the southeast shores of Albion, with their three ves- 

 sels, no longer canoes nor corakles of willow covered with skins, but 

 long war-vessels, according to ancient tradition, each carrying three 

 hundred men; not longer hollow trunks, but decked with high forecas- 

 tle and ([uartcrdeck, proofs of the mighty prog'ressictn." 



Nothing dclinite is known of the i)recise manner of shii)building 

 among the Saxons unless the ship and boats fouiul in the Xydam 

 Moss, in the present Duchy of Sleswick, are accepted as a Saxon model. 

 It has, by many writers, been ascribed to the Danes, near neighbors of 

 the Saxons, and coiiduibitants of the peninsula of Jutland.^ The 

 Saxon claim on this ship is weakened by the fact that it presents ex- 

 ceedingly fine lines denoting greater knowledge of naval coustruc- 

 tioii than can ordinarily be ascribed to a people who, like the Saxons, 

 have occupied a short coast line, and have but for a comparatively brief 

 space of time been engaged in maritime pursuits, 



A further doubt as to the nationality of the sliip in question arises 

 from the exceedingly sparce and vague knowledge of the Romans, to 

 whom we are indebted for any and all accounts of the I^ortli and its 

 people. It will, for instance, be observed that Tacitus, in his Ger- 

 maniie, not even mentions the Saxons; a few years later they are re- 

 ported to have occupied the country adjacent the mouth of the river 



' Eumenlus i c. 12. 



■ Eumemius i c. 17. 



^Clandian iv, Consul Honor, i, 31, 32. 



*I'acatus Drepanius in Panegyr. npon Theodor. M., c. 5. 



'•Chiudian in Enti'op. i, v. 392. 



''Sidon. A^jpolhi. Epist. viii, 6. 



~ Xennii Histor. Briton., Ed. San Marte, §31 •'tros ciulie." Gildas, de excidio I5ri- 

 tan.. Ibid. § 23, ''tribus ut lingua (Saxoriim) exprimitar, cynli, nostra lingua lougis 

 navibus, socundis veils." Bvda, Eculesiast. Histor. gentis Auglor; i, c 1.") (ed. Ant- 

 werp, 15.50) -'tribas lougis uavibus." Sharon Turner, History of the Anglo-Saxons, 

 I, 151 (edit. Paris) ''the vessels carried three hundred men each." Xcnnius, etc., § 37, 

 states that Hengist had a reenforceineut sent consisting of sixteen additional cinli. 



" Proeojy'ms, de Bello Gothico, lib., 2 c. 15. PtoJemy, lib. ir, c. ii, speaks of the 

 /lavxiovac o): diiyxiover ii':i the inhabitants of southern Scaniii. Petersen, Daumarks 

 Historie i. Hedemdd. Wornd'X', J. J. A., Zur Alterthumskunde des Nordeus. Keyser, 

 E., Oiu Noriuiindeus Herkomst <>g Folkesliigtskab. 



