PREHiSTORIC NAVAL ARCHITECTURE. 



569 



D avian waniors of the early bronze age; it has been described as a 

 German protective armor and appears to be very freqnent during the 

 younger heathenish iron period in the Baltic lands. A corresponding 

 specimen was found in the Strante ship. 



" Figs. 78 and 79 are tiuger-rings of bronze wire; their <'hemical com- 

 position places thera nearest to the bronze flbulre from Herbergen, in 

 Courliind, whose form corresponds to one from the Ahschekippe stone 

 position.' These rings are of frequent oc<'urrence in the graves of the 

 tirst East Baltic iron pA-iod. 



Fig. 78. Fig. 79. 



Spirals from Cineharium at Tursel, Rus.'^ia. 



(Coiiie.l fri,iri r. r.rewingk, <i> Verb. gel. E.st. Cies. 1888, Bd. Xlll. ) 



Fig. 80. 



" Fig. 80 is a hnger ring corresponding in form to rings found in the 

 Estonian district Harrien,- in the stone heap of Kippoka, in Livonia.' 

 The same form, but in silver, together with silver nip})ers, was found 

 in a cinerarium in the East Prussian district of Gumbinnen.^ These 

 forms may be traced to the younger iron period, as, for instance, in the 

 graves ui)on Oesel and as cast imitations in the Wotish skeleton graves 

 near Gatchina.^ A like ornamentation is noticeable in Mecklenburg,^ 

 and one specimen was taken from a Eomau grave in the Upper Pala- 

 tinate.' 



'' Fig. 81 represents a i)air of bronze nippers; similar ones were taken 

 from the Strante ship, from the urn graves near Libau, Russia," and 

 from a cemetery in the province of Prussia.^ 



"Nippers of iron are shown in Fig. 82, and the same form occurred 

 in the Strante sec Krawand, and in graves in Prussia.^" 



''Fig. 83 shows a buckle of bronze of the same form as were found in 

 the urn graves at Libau and in East Prussian grave fields.". 



'Archiv f. Anthro]). x, 301. Analysis No. 5, PI. ii, Fi^. 9. 



^Ucuisen: Altertliiiiiier. Reval 1875, p. 41, PI. v. Fig. 21. 



■^Hartmaiin : Vatcrliind. Museum, PI. xi, Fig. 11. 



* riscJihr: GviiheiffUler iii, PI. x, Fig. 13, p. 261, grave No 31. 



7 .LspeVni : Antiq. Fig. 1162; also Figs. 803, 1046, 1951, 1970. 1992, 2084. 



^ IJ^tch : Krideiifo-FrancisoauuLu, PI. xxii. Fig. 1. 



'' Lindeiisclimit : Altertliiinier lieidu. Vorzeit. Bd. i. Heft 5, PI. 4, Fig. 5. 



^AspeJhi: Antiq. Fig. 1841. 



■' Tischh-r: Griiberfelder iii, PI. x. Figs. (I and 7. 



^"Utidst't: Erstes Anftreteu des Eiseus, PI. x, 19; xiii, 14; xiv, 8 and 9. 



" Berliner pbotogr. album, 1880. Sect, i, PI. 2. 



