698 REPOKT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1891. 



49a. Paper Manufacture and its Applications. 



490. History and Sciexce of Paper-Making. 



A historical series showing the development of paper as a material. Papers 



of primitive peoples, as "tappa." 

 Materials for paper-making. A systematic series, with illustrations of source, 



and examples of simple applications of little-known fibers. 



491. Methods of Paper-Making. (Machinery may also be classed under 408.) 



Appliances and products of the manufacture of paper pulp, rags, wood, 



straw, etc. 

 Methods and products of the bleaching of wood fibers. 

 Appliances for the manufacture of paper by vat and by machine. 

 Apparatus for pressing, glazing, watering, embossing, water-mai'king and 



ruling paper. Machines for cutting, tearing and stamping paper, etc. 

 Appliances for bleaching, coloring and finishing paper and tissues. 

 Appliances for printing paper hangings and tissues. 



492. Writing Paper. 



Stationery, envelopes, blank-book paper, bond paper, tracing and linen- 

 tissue i)aper, etc., as industrial products. (See also Classes 815-19.) 



493. Printing and Wrapping Paper. 



Printing paper for books and newspapers. 

 Wrapping paper of all grades. 

 Cartridge paper. Botanical driers and covers. 

 Paper bags. 



494. Cardboard and Pasteboard. Wai.l Paper. 



Cardboard and cards. Playing cards (as articles of paper manufacture). 

 Binder's board and its uses. 

 Pasteboard, paper or cardboard boxes. 

 Pasteboard for walls, board roofs. 

 Tar-board and tar-j)aper. 



Wall papers of all kinds, from pai)er-maker's standpoint. 

 49.5. Paper Pulp and its Uses. 



Papier-mach6, and articles of all kinds made from it. 

 Use of paper in making boats, buckets, etc. 

 Paper-felt for car wheels. 



49b. Applications of Animal, Vegetable and Mineral Materials not Elsewhere Classed. 



496. Miscellaneous Hard Tissues of Animal and Vegetable Origin. 



Ivory, of elephant, whale, walrus and alligator. 



Bones of cattle used in the arts, handles, etc. Albatross bones, for pipe- 

 stems. 



Horns of mammals, used solid and in lamina>. Horn combs, jewelry, etc. 



Antlers, used for handles, etc. 



Tortoise shell, and applications not elsewhere shown. 



Whalebone, and applications not elsewhere shown. 



Egg shells, as materials. Ostrich and emu eggs. Japanese egg-shell lacquer. 



Quills and spines, for handles, etc., used in embroidery. 



Quills, and their uses for pens, toothpicks, etc. 



Bristles, as used in anatomy, etc. 



Mother-of-jiearl, or nacre, of pearl oyster, unio or river mussel, jialiotes, for 

 handles, inlaying, buttons, etc. 



Corals, precious and white, and their use in the arts. 



Corals and cameo shell, and other shells, used as material. Other uses of 

 shells. 



Fish scales, used in the arts. "Scale jewelry." 



