GENERAL FRUITS. 35 
patronized. I would not put a new dress on these old ideas further 
than to say that the nearer at home the trees are purchased or pro- 
cured, all other things being equal, the better it will prove for the 
planter; and I would suggest that every man who intends to plant 
trees for fruit will find it a good investment to first become a mem- 
ber of the State Horticultural Society. 
DISCUSSION. 
Mr. Dartt: I would like to inquire if the Harris mill was not 
wound up until last night and has ground out such a good grist, 
what would it have done if it had been wound up a week ago? 
(Laughter.) 
Mr. Harris: The wind might have failed on it. 
Pres. Underwood: I think Mr. Dartt could probably make the 
proper estimate; he has been inthe windmill business so much that 
he can perhaps figure that out better than any oneelse. Ido not 
know what the basis is, whether it is so much wind to the square 
inch, or the height, or what itis, for Mr. Dartt has not told us how, 
he gets his estimates on the power of windmills. I think we must 
have another article on windmills. This paper is open for discus- 
sion, and let me say right here that we expect to take a paper of this 
kind and discuss it thoroughly, make suggestions, ask questions 
and bring out all features that may be of interest to us. Do not 
hesitate to take part in these discussions; it will enliven our meet- 
ings and make them all the more interesting. I do not know that 
any one can possibly answer Mr. Dartt’s question, but I think some 
of you may have questions to ask Mr. Harris which he can answer. 
Mrs. Stager: I would like to ask Mr. Harris about planting trees, 
—if apple trees can be successfully planted on new land the first 
season. 
Mr. Harris: I think it can be done with success. Is it timber 
land? 
Mrs. Stager: No, it is grass land. 
I have a son who has a farm on which he wanted to set out some 
trees and fruits. I furnished him the trees and I put in enough for 
an acre of orchard and 1,500 strawberry and blackberry plants. He 
had nothing but new land, sod, to plant them in, but he chopped it 
up fine with a disc harrow and I set the trees out. Not one died 
during the summer, and they made a growth of from twelve to 
eighteen inches. I do not know that I would do that anywhere if I 
had my choice between such ground and land that had been culti- 
vated two or three years—but you must not forget the mulching 
before the ground gets dry. 
Mrs. Kennedy: Did you say that the tree should not be planted 
any deeper than the ground is plowed? 
Mr. Harris: I do not think the hole should be deep; not any 
deeper than the ground is plowed. One of the reasons for that is 
that if you havea clay subsoil and you work the ground no deeper 
than it is plowed, it acts asa sort of a basin tohold the moisture and 
it does not dry out quick enough to feel the drouth. Nature pro- 
vides that some roots should run down. Large roots are pretty 
near the surface of the ground. In hickory and other trees the roots 
grow small very fast after they get out of the surface ground. 
