676 Reports on the Zoological Collections made in Torres Straits, 1888-1889. 



Cuvier (1798) was the first to recognise some distinction between the Zoantheae 

 and other Actiniae, but in an indefinite sort of way; he refers to "1. Le zoanthe 

 k cinq p^tales {Actin. dianthus); 2. Le zoanthe h drageons (Actin. sociata)." 



Lamarck (Systeme, 1801) first divided the Actinse into the genera Actinia and 

 Zoantha;he says (1801, p. 363): " Il^ genre. Zoanthe, Zoantha — Zoantha sociata, 

 Act. sociata, Sol. et Ellis, Hydra sociata, Gmel." 



Bosc (1802, p. 261) refers to " Zoanthe, Zoantha, Lam. ; Z. ellisii; Hydra sociata ; 

 Act. sociata, S. & Ell." 



Cuvier, in 1817 (p. 53), speaks of ZoantMis sociatus. 



In Deshayes and Milne-Edwards' revised and augmented edition of Lamarck's 

 Hist, des anim. sans vert. (1836, 2nd ed., p. 77), three species are acknowledged: 

 "Zoanthe (Zoantha). — 1. Zoantha ellisii, Bosc {Act. sociata, etc.); 2. Zoantha 

 solanderi, Les. ; 3. Zoantha hertholetii, Ehr." 



Dana is the only later author who adheres to Zoantha instead of Zoanthus. 

 According to the generally accepted rules of zoological nomenclature the Greek 

 avdo'i would have to be written anthus, it being agreed that, " in writing zoologi- 

 cal names, the rules of Latin orthography must be adhered to." 



TOEEES STEAITS SPECIES OF THE GENUS ZOANTHUS. 



Z. coppinyeri, n. sp. 



Z. jukesii, n. sp. 



Z. macyillivrayi, n. sp. 



Zoanthus coppingeri, n. sp. 

 (PI. Lxi., figs. 1,2; PI. Lxii., fig. 1 ; PI. lxiv., figs. 1-4.) 



Form. — Body smooth, pyriform when contracted, rather elongated when ex- 

 panded. Polyps in clusters, the buds springing from the bases of the polyps 

 themselves ; coenenchyme, thin, encrusting. Tentacles, in two rows, similar. 



Colour. — Pinkish below, greenish or bright green above, sometimes entirely 

 pinkish ; always with brown streak-like spots; disc, burnt sienna, with darker spots; 

 rim of mouth, brown ; tentacles, gray, with a single row of black spots ; there is a 

 black spot between each tentacle, and these are continued as black lines on the 

 capltulum. 



Dimensions. — Length of a contracted sjoecimen, 15 mm.; diameter of upper 

 portion, 5 mm. 



Locality. — Fringing Reef, Mabuiag. Oct. 19, 1888. Numerous specimens. 



