82 THE FOEAMINIFEEA 



Nat; vol. XXXV. 1825, p. 210 ; ' Atlas Zooph.' 

 pi. xliv. fig. 3. 



This species is generally found adherent, but 

 sometimes free, and it is easily recognised by its 

 spirally arranged chambers, which are very irregular 

 in form compared with those of other species of this 

 family. N. lucifuga is quite common in certain 

 warm temperate areas, and is found in some abun- 

 dance in the beach sands of Palermo, Melbourne, and 

 off the coast of Tripoli. As a fossil it is known from 

 Tertiary beds in France, and a variety was recorded by 

 Howchin from the Carbo-Permian beds of Australia. 

 Garho-Permian to Recent. (Plate 2, figs. E and P.) 



N. novorossica, var. nodula, Karrer and Sinzow, 

 ' Sitz. k. Ak. Wiss. Wien,' vol. Ixxiv. Abth. 1, 1876 

 (1877), p. 281, pi. — , figs. 11-25. 



The species named above, of which the variety 

 nodula is a many-apertured, agglomerated modifica- 

 tion, is a thick-walled nubecularian in its typical form, 

 but otherwise somewhat like N. lucifuga in contour. 

 This and other varieties of iV". novorossica occur in 

 great abundance in the Sarmatian Sands (Miocene) 

 of Kischenew, in Bessarabia. They average 3 to 4 

 mm. in diameter. The writer has described a modi- 

 fication of this form as occurring in the Upper Chalk 

 of Taplow. Upper Cretaceous^ Miocene. (Plate 2, 

 fig. G.) 



N. tibia, Jones and Parker, ' Quart. Journ. Geol. 

 Soc' vol. xvi. 1860, p. 455, pi. xx. figs. 48-51. 



This species consists of an elongate series of ovate 

 or pyriform chambers, and the test is either adherent 



