9 
or canal at its lower part. The axis around which it is coiled 
is called the colwmedla (little column) and is only visible at the 
aperture, unless the shell be broken. The suture is the line 
where the whorls or turns of the shell come together. The 
names of these parts are marked on figure 5. 
The shell is a part of the animal, just as the bones are a 
part of the buman body; and while life lasts, the soft part of 
the mollusk is never separated from 
its shell. ee 
The names of shells are derived from 
Greek or Latin words, because these 
languages are studied in all countries, 
and so the confusicn of having as 
many different names for each species as 
there are modern languages is avoided. 
Each mollusk has two names: that of 
the species or particular kind, which 
is written last (corresponding to the 
“Christian name” of a person), and 
Pe ickogoa chell, that of the genus or group, which is 
Eupleura caudata. written first. The generic name is a 
noun ; the specific name an adjective or genitive form of a 
proper noun. The first name should be written with a capi- 
tal, the second with a smali letter unless it is derived from a 
proper name. After the name, is written the initials or name 
of the naturalist who first described and named the species. 
English pronunciation may be used for scientific names unless 
