OR, A TREATISE ON PILE. 17 
The Saki, or Cagui, (Pittecia,) is remarkable for the length of the hair on its tail, and 
is often called, for that reason, the foz-tailed monkey. 
The Wistiti, or striated Monkey, (Jacchus,) has an annulated tail. 
The Marikina (Midas rosalia) has a bunch of hair at the end of the tail, like the lion. 
The Mico (Jacchus argeniatus) has a tail with deep brown hair, while that on the 
body is silver color. 
Remarks of Tail Scales.—The scales upon the tails that are prehensile are intended, no 
doubt, to prevent them from slipping when an object is grasped. Some reptiles obtain a 
progressive movement by means of scales. 
Or Frsrous PRoTuBERANCES RESEMBLING Horn, BUT WHICH ARE NoT TRUE Horn.— 
These processes are found upon the nose of the Rhinoceros. This animal belongs to the order 
“ pachydermata,” the family “ordinary pachydermas,” and forms the genus ‘* Rhinoceros,” 
(so named from the Greek word ‘“‘rin,” the nose; in the genitive case “‘rinos,” and “ keras,” 
a horn.) There are two species, viz: 1, R. cornu unico conico, and 2, R. cornibus duobus 
cuneiformibus. (Lin: O. 5 Jumenta, No. 25, Rhinoceros.) 
This animal is large, heavy, strong-limbed and thick-skinned, nearly hairless, (a few 
being found in the ear;) the bones of the nose, which are very stout, are united, forming 
a vault, supporting upon its median line this solid, horn-like projection, which is uncon- 
nected with the bone, but is buried in and adheres to the skin. It is truly said to be com- 
posed of agglutinated fibres, which are thought to be hazrs. 
Specimen of the animal in the Zodlogical Institute, Philadelphia, and of the horn in 
the Academy of Natural Science, of this city. 
Fig. 10a is a representation of a transverse section of this horn, where the ends of two 
hairs, and a part of the third, may be seen. Fig. 10b is a longitudinal section, showing 
the hairs. 
Comparison with Real Horns.—TViis (so called) horn of the Rhinoceros, will be best 
understood by a comparison of its formation and growth with real horns, of which there 
are the followimg varieties: 1. Those which are composed entirely of bony matter, and 
2, those which are composed of an inferior osseous portion, covered with an exterior 
corneous matter. The first species is sub-divided into those that are perishable and 
renewable, and those that are persistant. 
The antlers of the stag are solid and osseous, are rapidly produced by powerful blood- 
vessels, but, after a time, they perish and fall, and are renewed in like manner. ‘The short, 
solid; bony processes of the cameleopard, are formed in the same manner, but they are 
persistant. And the hollow horns of the ox, sheep, &c., are composed of two distinct 
substances, viz: an interior one of phosphate of lime, and an exterior one of horn. ‘These 
two substances appear to be simultaneously produced from the two sides, respectively, of a 
vascular membrane; and they are nourished in different modes; that of the bony interior 
from vessels belonging to the ceneral system, but the exterior one is destitute of vessels ; 
and is, consequently, when once formed, removed from the influence of vital powers. 
On the other hand, the (so called) horns of the Rhinoceros, (both of the one and the two- 
