60 TRICHOLOGIA MAMMALIUM: 
used since the Spanish Conquest, previously to which (according to Herrera) it was kept 
sacred for the nobles and other dignitaries of Peru. Specimen presented by Prof. 8. 
Pancoast, M. D., of Philadelphia. 
General Appearance.—Of the scalp, that of old tanned sheepskin. The hair has a 
dead, dry appearance. Length, (natural,) about 2 inches; shape, cylindrical; srt a 
giz of an inch; color, dark brown; no lustre; direction, straight ; elation at an acute 
angle with the epidermis; ductility, with 470 grains one ince stretched ,°> of an ‘iia 
elasticity, entire; tenacity, broke with 520 grains; fracture, the fibres drawn out of the 
cortex; button, when free, spindle-shaped, and split at the posterior extremity; sheath, 
none ; follicle, none; the posterior termination of the hair in the scalp, ee and 
black ; length, ;4,; diameter, ;3,; while the diameter of the shaft is ;1, of an inch; 
shaft, brown color; no lustre; coloring matter, apparently in the cortex, in lines; ee 
mediate fibres, white; diameter of one, 735 of an inch; apex, mostly pointed; some few 
abrupt; no furcations; disk, of one uniform color. : 
No. 2. Examination and Description of hair and a small portion of scalp from a skull 
Srom Pachacamack, Peru, South America—Specimen presented by Prof. 8. G. Morton, 
M. D., of Philadelphia, being taken from a skull in the Academy of Natural Science, of 
Philadelphia. 
General Appearance.—Of the scalp, of a light brown tanned sheep-skin; that of the 
hair, of dry, dead hair; length, (artificial,) eight inches; shape, cylindrical; diameter, 
gty of an inch; color, dark brown; no lustre ; direction, straight and lank ; mea 
at an acute angle with the epidermis ; ductility, with 170 grains one inch stretched {1, of 
an inch, and neue 320 grains 2,; elasticity, entire; tenacity, broke with 720 grains; 
fracture, the cortex disrupted, and the fibres drawn out; button, spindle-shaped, dark 
colored, Be ne at the posterior extremity ; length, ;4,; diameter, giz; the diameter 
of the shaft being ,4, of an inch; sheath, none; follicle, none. 
312 
Of Hairs pibendeld in the naa decayed Scalp —The posterior portion of a grown hair 
is spindle-shaped, with a ragged lower outline, below which is a mass of coloring matter, 
and under that again three or more vessels. ‘The spindle is, in leneth, ;4,, and diameter, 
zis; that of the shaft being 74; of an inch. The mass of coloring matter is of the eth 
of ,1,, and of the dasimieiee of ;1, of an inch. ‘The vessels have a diameter of = seoy of 
an inch. Alongside of this grown hair is a young one, which is now set in the dermis at 
its posterior extremity, and free at its anterior one; but which has, between these two 
extremities, adhering to it, three separate pieces of decayed scalp, making it probable that, 
at the time of the death of this person, this hair had not pierced the epidermis. It has a 
diameter of only >5';5 of an inch, is spindle-shaped at its posterior extremity, and is devoid 
of button, sheath and follicle,—the coloring matter being smaller in quantity, but located 
like that of the grown hair. Throughout the whole portion of scalp are spots of coloring 
matter, some of them too small for exact measurement. 
Shaft—cortex, transversely striated, the scales easily removed by rolling the hair 
between two pieces of glass; intermediate fibres, white, easily separated by crushing a 
hair; coloring matter in the cortex; apex, abrupt and pointed; disk, having a minute 
white central spot. 
