341 



CHAPTEK XLIIL 



UNGULATA {Continued). 



Aetiodactyla. 



Section B. Aetiodactyla. — In this section of the Uno-u- 

 lates the number of the toes is even — either two or four — and 

 the third toe on eaeh foot forms a symmetrical pair ivith the 

 fourth (fig. 624, c). The dorso-lumbar vertebrce are nineteen 

 in number, and there is no third trochanter on the femur. If 

 trice horns are ^^resent, these are alivays in jMirs, and a.re sup- 

 ported by bony horn-eores. The antlers of the Deer are also 

 paired, but they are not to be regarded, as true horns. The stom- 

 ach is ahoays more or less complex, or is divided into sc2Jarate 

 compartments, and the cceeum is comparatively sm.all amd simple. 

 By Kowalewsky the Artiodaetyla, recent and extinct, are 

 divided into two great groups or sections, in accordance with 

 the nature of the molars. In the one section {Sclenodonta) 

 the teeth are crescentic, as in the living Euminants and the 

 extinct Anoplotheridc&. In the second group {Bunodonta) are 

 the living Hippopotamida: and Suida, in which the teeth have 

 tuberculated crowns. 



The section Artiodaetyla comprises the Hippopotamus, 

 the Pigs, and the whole group of the Euminants, including 

 Oxen, Sheep, Goats, Antelopes, Camels, Llamas, Giraffes, 

 Deer, &c. Besides these there is an extensive series of fossil 

 forms commencing in the Eocene or Lower Tertiary period, 

 and in many respects filling up the gaps between the living 

 forms. 



