366 



UNGULATA. 



generally been referred to the Antilopidce are the Upper 

 Miocene (or Lower Pliocene) genera Sivatherium and 

 Bramatherium. 



Sivatherium (fig. 654) is known by the single species S. 

 giganteum, discovered by Dr Falconer and Sir Proby Cautley 

 in the Tertiary deposits of the Siwfdik Hills in India. Tlie 



Fig. t>54. — Skidl of Sivatherium giyaiiteitm. Upper Miocene, India. (After Murie.) 



most important peculiarity in Slvatkeriuin is the structure 

 of the horns, of which the animal possessed two pairs. Botli 

 l)airs of horns were supported by bony " cores," so that there 

 can be no hesitation in referring Sivatherium to the group of 

 the Caviconiia. The anterior horns, as shown by the shape 

 of the horn-cores, were simple ; and if the posterior horns 

 had been of a similar form, then Sivatherium might have 

 been fairly regarded as merely a gigantic four-horned Ante- 

 lope, similar to the living Antilope {Tctraccros) ciuadricorni^ 

 of India. The posterior horns, however, are not only much 

 larger than the anterior, but they possess two snags or 

 branches — a peculiarity not to be paralleled amongst existing 

 Caviconiia, except in the Prong-buck. Dr Murie, however. 



