HYEACOIDEA AND PROBOSCIDEA. 



383 



only on the northern edge of this area that its remains are 

 found commingled with those of the Mammoth. 



Fig. 605. — Molar tooth of Elcphas (Loxodon) meridionalis, one-third of natural size. 

 Pliocene and Post-Pliocene. (After Lyell.) 



Fig. 666. — Molar tooth ot Elephas (Euelephas) antiquus. Penultimate molar, one-third of 

 natural size. Post-Pliocene and Pliocene. (After Lyell.) 



Another species from the same area is the Elephas 

 (Loxodon) meridionaUs, the enamel plates of which are very 

 thick (fig. 665). Its remains have been found in Britain, 

 France, and Italy. 



In the Post-Pliocene, remains of Elephants are numerous, 

 but of these by far the best known and most important is 

 the Mammoth {Elephas primigenms). This remarl^able form 

 (fig. 667) was essentially northern in its distribution, never 

 passing south of a line drawn through the Pyrenees, the 

 Alps, the northern shores of the Caspian, Lake Baikal, 

 Kamschatka, and the Stanovi Mountains (Dawkins). It 

 occurs in the Prse-giacial forest-bed of Cromer in Norfolk, 

 survived the Glacial period, and is found abundantly in Post- 

 glacial deposits in France, Germany, Britain, Eussia in 

 Europe, Asia, and North America, being often associated 

 with the Keindeer, Lemming, and Musk-ox. '' That it sur- 



