GLOSSARY. 497 



Pedal (Lat. pes, the foot). Connected with the foot of MolUtsca. 



Pedicellaki^ (Lat. fcdicdhis, a louse). Certain singular appendages found 

 in many Echinodcrms, attached to the surface of the body, and resembling 

 a little beak or forceps supported on a stalk. 



Pedicle (Lat. dim. of pes, the foot). A little stem. 



Peuipalpi (Lat. pes, foot ; and palpo, I feel). An order of Arachnida com- 

 prising the Scorpions, &c. 



Peduncle (Lat. peduncichis, a stem or stalk). In a restricted sense applied to 

 the muscular process by which certain Bracliiopods are attached, and. to the 

 stem which bears the body (capitulum) in Barnacles. 



Pedunculate. Possessing a peduncle. 



Pelagic (Gr. pelagos, sea). Inhabiting the open ocean. 



Pelvis (Lat. for basin). Applied, from analogy, to the basal portion of the 

 cup {calyx) of Crinoids. The bony arch with which the hind-limbs are con- 

 nected in Vertebrates. 



Perennibranchiata (Lat. ^crcrwii's, perpetual; Gr. hragcMa, giW). Applied 

 to those Amphibia in which the gills are permanently retained throughout 

 life. 



Pergamentaceous (Lat. pcrgamena, parchment). Of the texture of parchment. 



Periostracum (Gr. p)eri, around ; and ostrakon, shell). The layer of epidermis 

 which covers the shell in most of the Molhosca. 



Perisome (Gr. peri ; and soma, body). The coriaceous or calcareous integu- 

 ment of the EcMnodermata. 



Perissodactyla (Gr. perissos, uneven ; daMulos, finger). Applied to those 

 Hoofed Quadrupeds {Ungulata) in which the feet have an uneven number 

 of toes. 



Petaloid. Shaped like the petal of a flower. 



Phalanges (Gr. plialanx, a row). The small bones composing the digits of 

 the higher Vertehrata. Normally each digit has three phalanges. 



Phanerogams (Gr. phaneros, visible ; gamos, marriage). Plants which have 

 the organs of reproduction conspicuous, and which bear true flowers. 



Pharyngobranchii (Gr. pharugx, pharynx; bragcJiia, gill). The order of 

 Fishes comprising only the Lancelet. 



Pharynx. The dilated commencement of the gullet. 



Phragmacone (Gr. phra^gma, a partition ; and Jconos, a cone). The chambered 

 portion of the internal shell of a Belemnite. 



PHYLACTOLiEMATA (Gr. i^^^ulasso, I guard ; and laimos, throat). The division 

 of Polyzoa in which the mouth is provided with the arched valvular process 

 known as the "epistome." 



Phyllopoda (Gr. 2:)hullon, leaf; and^o?«, foot). An order of Crustacea. 



Physophobid^ (Gr. pliusa, air-bladder; and phero, I carry). An order of 

 Oceanic Hydrozoa. 



Phytoid (Gr. phuton, a plant ; and cidos, form). Plant-like. 



Phytophagous (Gr. phuton, a plant ; and phago, I eat). Plant-eating, or 

 herbivorous. 



Pinnate (Lat. pinna, a feather). Feather-shaped ; or possessing lateral pro- 

 cesses. 



Pinnigrada (Lat. pinna, a feather; gradior, I walk). The group of Carnivora, 

 comprising the Seals and Walruses, adapted for an aquatic life. Often called 

 Piomipedia. 



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